Chapter 12, Psychology By Myers 7Th Edition

Front 1

Hierarchy of needs?

Back 1

Maslow's pyramid of human needs, beginning at the base with physiological needs that must first be satisfied before higher-level safety needs and then psychological needs become active.

Front 2

Organizational psychology?

Back 2

A subfield of I/O psychology that examines organizational influences on worker satisfaction and productivity and facilitates organizational change.

Front 3

Theory X?

Back 3

Assumes that workers are basically lazy, error-prone, and extrinsically motivated by money and, thus, should be directed from above.

Front 4

Incentive?

Back 4

A positive or negative environmental stimulus that motivates behavior.

Front 5

Flow?

Back 5

A completely involved, focused state of consciousness, with diminished self and time, resulting from optimal engagement of one's skills.

Front 6

Industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology?

Back 6

The application of psychological concepts and methods to optimizing human behavior in workplaces.

Front 7

Personnel psychology?

Back 7

A subfield of I/O psychology that focuses on employee recruitment, selection, placement, training, appraisal, and development.

Front 8

Structured interviews?

Back 8

Interview process that asks the same job-relevant questions of all applicants, each of whom is rated on established scales.

Front 9

Achievement motivation?

Back 9

A desire for significant accomplishment: for mastery of things, people, or ideas; for attaining a high standard.

Front 10

Task leadership?

Back 10

Goal-oriented leadership that sets standards organizes work, and focuses attention on goals.

Front 11

Social leadership?

Back 11

Goal-oriented leadership that builds teamwork, mediates conflict, and offers support.

Front 12

Theory Y?

Back 12

Assumes that, given challenge and freedom, workers are motivated to achieve self-esteem and to demonstrate their competence and creativity.

Front 13

Motivation?

Back 13

A need or desire that energizes and directs behavior.

Front 14

Instinct?

Back 14

A complex behavior that is rigidly patterned throughout a species and is unlearned.

Front 15

Drive-reduction theory?

Back 15

The idea that a physiological need creates an aroused tension state (a drive) that motivates an organism to satisfy the need.

Front 16

Homeostasis?

Back 16

A tendency to maintain a balanced or internal state; the regulation of any aspect of body chemistry, such as blood glucose, around a particular level.