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85 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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saprophytic fungi |
gets nutrients from dead organic matter |
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industrial mcyology |
study of fungi |
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recombination DNA technology (fungi) |
manufacturing and minipulating genetic material in vitro engineering |
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fungi |
organisms that belong to the kingdom fungi eukaryotic absorpitve chemoheterotroph |
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yeasts |
nonfilamentous unicelluar fungi |
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budding yeast |
yeast cell that divides unevenly to produce a small cell (bud) from the parent cell |
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dimorphic fungi |
having two forms of growth |
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fungal spores |
microscopic biological particles that allow fungi to be reproduced, serving a similar purpose to that of seeds in the plant world although the mechanisms are different. |
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nutritional adaptations (growth conditions) |
-Low pH, -osmotic pressure, -low moisture, -metabolize wood -Grow bathroom walls, -newspapers -labnotebooks etc |
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zygomycota rhizopus (break mold) |
resistant spherical spores are formed during sexual reproduction. |
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microsporidia lack mitochondria AIDS pateints |
eukaryotic, unicellular organisms belonging to the phylum Microspora. All microspoidia are obligate, spore-forming, intracellular parasites that invade vertebrates and invertebrates. no mitochondria. effects people with suppressed immune systems |
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Ascomycota aspergillus Penicillium: |
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Basidiomycota Cryptococcus mushrooms |
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systemic |
an infection throughout the body |
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subcutaneous |
fungal infection of tissue beeath the skin |
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cutaneous |
fungal infection of teh epidermis nails or hair |
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superficial |
a fungal infection localized in surface epidermal cells and along hair shafts |
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opportunistic |
microorganism that does not ordinarily cause a disease but can become pathogenic under certain circumstances |
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Algea |
photosynthetic eukaryotes. may be univelluar. filamentous or multicellular but lack the tissues found in plants |
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thallus |
entire vegetative structure or body of fungus lichen or alga |
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holdfasts |
branched base of an algal stipe |
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stipes |
stemplike supporting structure of multicellular algae adn basidiomycetes |
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blades |
flat leaflike structure of multicellular algae |
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brown algae |
kelp macroscopic coastal waters grow fast |
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green algae |
cellulose cell walls chlorophyll a and b store starch microscopic unicellular or multicellular |
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red algae |
branched thalli live in deep oceans crustlike coatings on rocks and shells carrageenan and agar |
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diatoms |
unicelluar
filamentous algae complex cell walls pectin and silica |
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dinoflagellates |
unicellular algae
plankton some make neurotoxins |
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filamentous |
type of bacteriophage, virus or bacteria. filament-like or rod-like shape contain genome of single-stranded DNA and infect gram-negative |
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fungal thallus |
made of filaments or plates of cells and ranges in size from unicelluar structure to a complex treelike form. lacks specialized tissue |
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algae |
reproduce asexually and sexually photoautotrophs and produce severa different photosynthetic pgiments. obtain nutriens by diffusion. multicellular forming colonies, filaments. |
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fungi |
chemoheterotrophs and acquire food by absorption. beside yeasts they are multicelluar reproduce sexually and asexually |
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hyphae |
filaments of cells joined together |
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mycelium |
filamentous mass that hyphae grow when environmental conditions are suitable |
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vegetative hyphae |
obtains nutrients |
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aerial hyphae |
reproduction |
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dimorphic |
two forms of growth. pathogenic species |
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fungal spores |
allow bacterial cell to survive adverse environmental conditions |
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zygmoycota rhizopus bread mold |
saprophytic molds that have coenocytic hyphae |
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microsporidia |
lack mitochondria AIDS obligate intracellular parasites |
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ascompycota aspergillus penicillium |
molds with septate hyphae and some yeasts asexual spores |
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basidiomycota cryptococcus mushrooms |
possess septate hyphae fngi that make mushrooms form exteranlly on a base pedestal ccalled basidium. |
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FUNGAL DISEASES MYCOSES |
CHRONIC LONG LASTING INFECTIONS BECAUSE FUNGI GROW SLOWLY. |
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systemic |
infections deep within the body. |
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subcutaneious |
beneat skincasued by saprophytic fungi that live in soil and onvegetation |
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superfical |
localized along hair shafts an din superficial surface epidermal cells |
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opportunistic |
harmless in its normal habitat can become pathogenic in hose who is traumatized/suppressed immune |
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saccharomyces |
bakers yeast hepatits B vaccinemodified to make variety proteins including hepatitis B |
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penicillium |
can cause fatal diseses in AIDS patients |
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candida candidiasis meningtis |
yeast infection |
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algae |
simple eukarytoic photoautrotrophs that lack tissues of plants. unicelluar and filamentous algae foudn in ocean |
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thallus |
multicellular alga larger multicellular algae |
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holdfasts |
anchor the alga to a rock. |
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stipes |
stemlike and hollow |
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blades |
leaflike |
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pneumatocyst |
some algae are buyoed by a floating gas filled bladder |
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paralytic shellfish poisoning |
dinoflagellates make neurotoxins that cause this. |
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ciguatera |
occurs when dinoflagellate gambierdiscus toxicus passes up the food chain and is concentrated in large fish |
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red tide |
large concentatiosn of alexandrium give ocean deep red color |
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lichens |
combo of green alga and fungus |
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slime molds |
related to amebae are placed in phylum amoebozoa. cellular: rukarytoic cells |
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protoza |
unicellular rukaryotic inhabit water and soil |
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protozoan intermediate host |
pecies which supports the development and/or multiplication of the non-sexual, or larval (for helminths), stages of the parasite. Intermediate hosts which physically carry the infective stage |
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protozoan definitive host |
species in which the adult (or sexual) form of the parasite occurs, |
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cyst |
protective capsule permits organism to survive when good moisture or oxygen are lacking. enables parasitic speiceis to survive outside of host |
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schizogony |
multiple fission |
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nutrition |
ciliates take in food by waving cilia toward cytostome. eamebas engulf food by surrounding it with pseudopods and phagocytiizing. protozoa: digestion happens in membraen enlosed vacules |
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amebae |
move by extending blunt, lobelike projections of cytoplasm |
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excavate |
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hemoflagellates |
transmitted by teh bites of blood feeding insects are found in teh circulatory sytem of bitten host |
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trypanosoma |
species that causes african sleeping sickness |
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chagas disease |
transmitted by the kissing bug. after entering teh insect the trypanosome rapidly multiplies by schizogony |
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apicomplexans |
not motile presence of a complex of special organelles at teh apexes of their ceels. transmisssion between several hosts |
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plasmodium |
grows by sexual reproduction in mosquito. |
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toxoplama |
toxic to pregnant women |
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cryptosporidium |
lives inside the cells lining teh small intestine and can be transmitted to humans through the feces of cows, rodents, dogs adn cats. forms four oocysts when oocyst rupture, sporozoites may infect new cells in host or be released |
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helminthes |
parasitic animals platyhelminths (flat_ nematoda (roundworms) free living species in these phyla multicellular eukaryotic animals |
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trematodes |
flukes flat leaf shaped bodies with a ventral sucker adn an oral sucker. |
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cestodes |
class of parasitic flatworms, of the phylum Platyhelminthes. Biologists informally refer to them as cestodes. The best-known species are commonly called tapeworms. |
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nemotodes |
round worms complete digestive system |
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khj |
iho |
