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119 Cards in this Set
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- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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sclera |
outer protective layer of the eye |
white part of the eye |
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cornea |
transparent anterior part of the sclera |
anterior to the aqueous humor and lies over the iris; allows light rays to enter the eye |
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choroid |
middle layer of the eye |
interlaced with many blood vessels that supply nutrients to the eye |
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iris |
pigmented muscular structure |
regulates the amount of light entering the eye
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pupil |
opening in the center of the iris |
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lens |
lies directly behind the pupil |
functions to focus and bend light |
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retina |
innermost layer of the eye |
contains the vision receptors |
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aqueous humor |
watery liquid found in the anterior cavity of the eye |
provides nourishment to nearby structures and maintains shape in the anterior part of the eye |
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vitreous humor |
jellylike substance found behind the lens in the posterior cavity of the eye |
maintains its shape
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meibomian glands |
oil glands found in the upper and lower edges of the eyelids |
helps lubricates the eye |
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lacrimal glands and ducts |
produce and drains tears |
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optic nerve |
carries visual impulses from the retina to the brain |
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conjunctiva |
mucous membrane lining the eyelids and covering portion of the sclera |
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COMBINING FORMS blephar/o |
eyelid |
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conjunctiv/o |
conjunctiva |
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cor/o, core/o, pupill/o |
pupil |
note: pupil has one l; combining form has two l's |
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corne/o, kerat/o |
cornea |
note: kerat also means hard or horny tissue |
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dacry/o, lacrim/o |
tear, tear duct |
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ir/o, irid/o |
iris |
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ocul/o, ophthalm/o |
eye |
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opt/o |
vision |
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phac/o, phak/o |
lens |
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retin/o |
retina |
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scler/o |
sclera |
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Commonly Used with the Eye cry/o |
cold |
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dipl/o |
two, double |
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is/o |
equal |
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phot/o |
light |
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ton/o |
tension, pressure |
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Prefixes bi-, bin- |
two |
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Suffixes -opia |
vision (condition) |
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-phobia |
abnormal fear or aversion to specific things |
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-plegia |
paralysis |
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MEDICAL TERMS aphakia |
condition of without a lens |
a/phak/ia without/lens/condition of |
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blepharitis |
inflammation of the eyelid |
blephar/itis eyelid/inflammation |
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blepharoptosis |
drooping of the eyelid (commonly called ptosis) |
blephar/o/ptosis eyelid/drooping |
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conjunctivitis |
inflammation of the conjunctiva (commonly called pinkeye) |
conjunctiv/itis conjunctiva/inflammation |
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dacryocystitis |
inflammation of the tear (lacrimal) sac |
dacry/o/cyst/itis tear/sac/inflammation |
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diplopia |
double vision |
dipl/opia double/vision |
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endophthalmitis |
inflammation within the eye |
end/ophthalm/itis within/eye/inflammation |
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iridophlegia |
paralysis of the iris |
irid/o/phelgia iris/paralysis |
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iritis |
inflammation of the iris |
ir/itis iris/inflammation |
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keratitis |
inflammation of the cornea |
kerat/itis
cornea/inflammation |
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keratomalacia |
softening of the cornea |
kerat/o/malacia
cornea/softening |
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leukocoria |
condition of white pupil |
leuk/o/cor/ia white/pupil/condition of |
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oculomycosis |
abnormal condition of the eye caused by a fungus |
ocul/o/myc/osis eye/o/fungus/abnormal condition |
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ophthalmalgia |
pain in the eye |
ophthalm/algia eye/pain |
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ophthalmoplegia |
paralysis of the eye (muscle) |
ophthalm/o/plegia eye/paralysis |
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phacomalacia |
softening of the lens |
phac/o/malacia lens/softening |
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photophobia |
abnormal fear of (sensitivity to) light |
phot/o/phobia light/abnormal fear |
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retinoblastoma |
tumor arising from a developing retinal cell |
retin/o/blast/oma retina/developing cell/tumor |
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retinopathy |
disease of the retina (such as diabetic retinopathy) |
retin/o/pathy retina/disease |
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sclerokaretitis |
inflammation of the sclera and the cornea |
scler/o/karet/itis sclera/cornea/inflammation |
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scleromalacia |
softening of the sclera |
scler/o/malacia sclera/softening |
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xerophthalmia |
condition of dry eye |
xer/o/phthalm/ia dry/eye/condition of |
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Disease and Disorder Terms amblyopia |
reduced vision in one eye caused by disuse or misuse |
also called lazy eye |
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astigmatism (Ast) |
blurred vision caused by irregular curvature of the cornea or lens |
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cataract |
clouding of the lens of the eye |
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chalazion |
obstruction of an oil gland of the eyelid |
also called meibomian cyst |
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detached retina |
separation of the retina from the choroid in the back of the eye |
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glaucoma |
eye disorder characterized by increase of intraocular pressure (IOP) |
optic nerve damage |
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hyperopia |
farsightedness |
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macular degeneration |
progressive deterioration of the portion of the retina called the macula lutea |
resulting in loss of control of vision |
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myopia |
nearsightedness |
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nyctalopia |
poor vision at night or in faint light |
also called night blindness |
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nystagmus |
involuntary, jerking movements of the eyes |
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pinguecula |
yellowish mass on the conjunctiva |
may be related to exposure to ultraviolet light, dry climates, and dust
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presbyopia |
impaired vision as a result if aging |
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pterygium |
thin tissue growing into the cornea from the conjunctiva |
usually caused from sun exposure |
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retinitis pigmentosa |
hereditary, progressive disease marked by night blindness |
atrophy and retinal pigment changes |
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strabismus |
condition in which the eyes look in different directions; crossed eyed |
caused by dysfunction of the external eye muscle |
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sty |
infection of an oil gland of the eyelid |
also called stye and hordeolum |
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Surgical Terms blepharoplasty |
surgical repair of the eyelid |
blephar/o/plasty eyelid/surgical repair |
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cryoretinopexy |
surgical fixation of the retina by using extreme cold (carbon dioxide) |
cry/o/retin/o/pexy cold/retina/surgical fixation |
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dacryocystorhinostomy |
creation of an artificial opening between the tear sac and the nose |
dacry/o/cyst/o/rhin/o/stomy tear/sac/nose/creation of an artificial opening |
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dacryocystotomy |
incision of the tear sac |
dacry/o/cyst/o/tomy tear/sac/incision |
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iridectomy |
excision (of part) of the iris |
irid/ectomy iris/excision |
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iridotomy |
incision of the iris |
irid/o/tomy iris/incision |
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keratoplasty |
surgical repair of the cornea (corneal transplant) |
kerat/o/plasty
cornea/surgical repair |
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sclerotomy |
incision of the sclera |
scler/o/tomy sclera/incision |
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enucleation |
surgical removal of the eyeball |
the removal of any organ that comes out clean and whole |
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LASIK (laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis) |
procedure used to correct astigmatism, nearsightedness, and farsightedness by reshaping tissue beneath the corneal surface |
differs from PRK in that it reshapes beneath the surface rather than on the surface |
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phacoemulsification (PHACO) |
operation in which the lens is broken up by ultrasound and aspirated |
method to remove cataracts |
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PRK (photo-refractive karetectomy) |
procedure for the treatment of nearsightedness one which an Excimer laser is used to reshape the corneal surface |
flattening and removing a portion of the cornea |
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retinal photocoagulation |
use of a laser beam to repair tears and detachment, as well as other retinopathies |
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scleral buckling |
procedure to repair a detached retina |
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trabeculectomy |
surgical creation of an artificial opening to reduce intraocular pressure |
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vitrectomy |
surgical removal of the vitreous humor |
vitr/ectomy vitreous humor/surgical removal |
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fluorescein angiography |
radiographic imaging of blood vessels of the eye |
fluorescein angi/o/graphy fluorescein blood vessel/radiographic imaging |
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keratometer |
instrument used to measure (the curvature of) the cornea (used for fitting contact lenses) |
kerat/o/meter
cornea/instrument used to measure |
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ophthalmoscope |
instrument used for visual examination (of the interior) of the eye |
ophthalm/o/scope eye/instrument used for visual examination |
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ophthalmoscopy |
visual examination of the eye |
ophthalm/o/scopy eye/visual examination |
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optometry |
measurement of vision (visual acuity and the prescribing of corrective lenses) |
op/o/metry vision/measurement of |
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pupillometer |
instrument used to measure (the diameter of) the pupil |
pupill/o/meter pupil/instrument used to measure |
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pupilloscope |
instrument used for visual examination of the pupil |
pupill/o/scope pupil/instrument use for visual examination |
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retinoscopy |
visual examination of the retina |
retin/o/scopy retina/o/visual examination |
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tonometer |
instrument used to measure pressure within the eye (used to diagnose glaucoma) |
ton/o/meter pressure/instrument used to measure |
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tonometry |
measurement of the pressure within in the eye |
ton/o/metry pressure/measurement |
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Complementary Terms anisocoria |
condition of absence of equal pupil |
an-/is/o/cor/ia absence of/equal/pupil/condition of |
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binocular |
pertaining to two or both eyes |
bin-/ocul/ar two/eye/pertaining to |
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corneal |
pertaining to the cornea |
corne/al cornea/pertaining to |
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intraocular |
pertaining to within the eye |
intra/ocul/ar within/eye/pertaining to |
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isocoria |
condition of equal pupil |
is/o/cor/ia equal/pupil/condition of |
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lacrimal |
pertaining to tears |
lacrim/al tears/pertaining to |
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nasolacrimal |
pertaining to the nose and the tear ducts |
naso/o/lacrim/al nose/tear ducts/pertaining to |
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ophthalmologist |
physician who studies and treats diseases of the eye |
ophthalm/o/logist eye/physician who studies and treats |
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ophthalmology (Ophth) |
study of the eye |
ophthalm/o/logy eye/study of |
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ophthalmopathy |
(any) disease of the eye |
ophthalm/o/pathy eye/disease |
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optic |
pertaining to vision |
opt/ic vision/pertaining to |
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pseudophakia |
condition of false lens |
pseud/o/phak/ia false/lens/condition of |
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pupillary |
pertaining to the pupil |
pupill/ary pupil/pertaining to |
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retinal |
pertaining to the retina |
retin/al retina/pertaining to |
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emmetropia (EM) |
normal refractive condition of the eye |
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intraocular lens (IOL) |
artificial lens implanted within the eye during cataract surgery |
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miotic |
agent that constricts the pupil |
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mydriatic |
agent that dilates the pupil |
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optician |
specialist who fills prescriptions for lenses |
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optometrist |
health professional who prescribes corrective lenses and/or eye exercises |
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visual acuity (VA) |
sharpness of vision for either distance or near |
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