Chapter 12: Diagnostic And Pathologic

Front 1

ausculation

Back 1

Listening to sounds within the body

Front 2

percussion

Back 2

Tapping on a surface to determine the difference in the density of the underlying structure

Front 3

pleural rub

Back 3

Scratchy sound produced by the motion of inflamed or irritated pleural surfaces rubbing against each other; also called a friction rub

Front 4

rale (crackle)

Back 4

Fine crackling sound heard on ausculatation (during inspiration) when there is fluid in the alveoli

Front 5

rhonchus
(Plural: rhonchi)

Back 5

Loud rumbling sound heard on auscultation of bronchi obstructed by sputum

Front 6

sputum

Back 6

Material expelled from the chest by coughing or clearing the throat.

Front 7

stridor

Back 7

Strained, high-pitched, relatively loud sound made on inspiration; associated with obstruction of the larynx or trachea

Front 8

wheeze

Back 8

Continous high-pitched whistling sound heard when air is forced through a narrow space during inspiration or expiration

Front 9

croup

Back 9

Acute viral infection in infants and children; characterized by obstruction of the larynx, barking cough, and stridor

Front 10

diphtheria

Back 10

Acute infection of the throat and upper respiratory tract caused by the diphtheria bacterium (corynebacterium)

Front 11

epistaxis

Back 11

nosebleed

Front 12

pertussis

Back 12

Highly contagious bacterial infection of the pharynx, larynx, and trachea caused by Bordetella Pertussis. Also known as the whopping cough

Front 13

asthma

Back 13

Chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction caused by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production

Front 14

bronchiectasis

Back 14

Chronic dilation of a bronchus secondary to infection in the lower lobes of the lung

Front 15

chronic bronchitis

Back 15

Inflammation of the bronchi persisting over a long time

Front 16

cystic fibrosis

Back 16

Inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick, mucus secretions that do not drain normally

Front 17

atelectasis

Back 17

Incomplete (atel/o) expansion (-ectasis) of alveoli; collapsed, functionless, airless lung or portion of lung. Caused by a tumor or other obstruction of the bronchus, or poor respirtory effort

Front 18

emphysema

Back 18

Hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls

Front 19

lung cancer

Back 19

Malignant tumor arising from the lungs and bronchi

Front 20

pneumoconiosis

Back 20

Abnormal condition caused by dust in the lungs, with chronic inflammation, infection, and bronchitis

Front 21

pneumonia

Back 21

Acute inflammation and infection of alveoli, which fill with pus or products of the inflammatory reaction

Front 22

pulmonary abscess

Back 22

A large collection of pus (bacterial infection) in the lungs

Front 23

pulmonary edema

Back 23

Swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles

Front 24

pulmonary embolism
(PE)

Back 24

Clot (thrombus) or other material lodges in vessels of the lung

Front 25

pulmonary fibrosis

Back 25

Formation of scar tissue in the connective tissue of the lungs

Front 26

sarcoidosis

Back 26

Chronic inflammatory disease of unknown cause in which small nodules or tubercles develop in lungs, lymph nodesm and other organs

Front 27

tuberculosis
(TB)

Back 27

Infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium Tuberculosis; lungs usually involved, but any organ in the body may be affected

Front 28

mesothelioma

Back 28

Rare malignant tumor arising in the pleura; associated with asbestos exposure

Front 29

pleura effusion

Back 29

Abnormal accumulation of fluid in the pleural space (cavity)

Front 30

pleurisy
(Pleuritis)

Back 30

Inflammation of the pleura

Front 31

pneumothorax

Back 31

Collection of air in the pleural space