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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Basal nuclei |
Involved in motor control, monitoring of movement and inhibition of tremors Has masses of us cortical gray matter |
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Limbic system |
Emotion and cognition Output relayed by the hypothalamus Hippocampus: memory , long term Amygdala: emotional learning |
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Brain stem |
Diencephalon> Mid Brain> Pons> Medulla |
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Diencephalon |
Aka Thalamus: Sensory info is relayed on its way to the cerebral cortex Sorts, edits and relays |
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Hypothathalamus |
In die cephalon, Function: Hormone secrete and pituitary ANS control center Thermonregulation Food and water intake (hunger, full, thirst) Sleep and circadian rhythms Memory Emotional behavior (Limbic system) |
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Epithalamus |
Gland: Pineal gland (endocrine) secretes melatonin (sleep wake cycle) |
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Mid brain |
CN III and CN IV - eye movement Substantial Nigra: helps coordinate muscle activity |
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Cranial nerves |
Come off of brain stem. 12 pairs |
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Pons |
Has fibers connecting cerebellum to cerebrum And up to the thalamus |
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Medulla Oblongata |
ascending and descending tracts Nerve signals for: Cardiac center, rate and force of heart beat. Vasomotot, adjusts blood vessel diameter, Respiratory centers, controls rate and depth of breathing ** Reflex centers for coughing |
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Cerebellum |
Under occipital lobe. Functions: coordination of. Muscular. Activity: motor balance |
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Spinal Cord |
Extends from for amen magnum. Extends to L1 Every level has a pair of spinal nerves, mixed nerves. |
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Spinal Cord , Anatomy |
31 pairs of spinal nerves Extends to L1 Cauda Equinae: L2 - S5 Medullary cone: tapered tip of spinal cord, film terminale, |
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31 spinal nerves |
8 cervical 12 thoracic 5 lumber 5 sacral 1 coccygeal Terminal film (coccygeal ligament) anchors spinal cord down Denticulate ligaments: keeps it extended |
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Meninges of Spinal Cord |
Dura Mater ( has epidural space) Arachnoid Mater( creates subarachnoid) Pia Mater |
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Gray matter |
Neuron cell bodies with little Myelin |
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White matter |
Myelinated axons |
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Dorsal root of spinal cord |
Sensory only |
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Ventral root of spinal cord |
( output) Motor only |
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Dorsal root ganglion |
Bulge on root (sensory) |
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Gray matter in the Spinal Cord |
Butterfly shape in the center of cord. 2 parts: Dorsal horns (sensory) and Ventral (motor) horns Connected by gray commissure, punctured by a central canal continuous above 4th ventrical Deccusation: crossing over |
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White matter in the Spinal cord |
Myelinated axons Dorsal columns, lateral columns, and ventral columns. Starts with spino: ascending Ends with spino: descending |
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Ascending (Sensory) Pathway |
Consist of three neurons First order neuron, conducts impulse from cutaneous receptors and proprioceptions (position) Second order neuron: Interneuron (contained in CNS) Cellbody in dorsal hour of spinal cord or medullary nuclei . Axons extends to thalamus or cerebrum Third order neuron: in thalamus Post-central girus (sp) somatic sensory cortex |
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Dorsal Column- Medial Lemniscal PAthways |
Somatosensory info ( touch) Fasciclulus gracilis: Legs- belly button (T6) Fascuclulus cutneatus: Upper body sensory info t6 and above |
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Descending Pathways and tracts |
Motor pathways involve to neurons Upper motor neurons : frontal lobe Lower motor neurons: Ventral horn motor neurons, synapses with UMN |
