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54 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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______ is many organs working together for a common thing
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organ system
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______ division tends to arouse the body for action, fight or flight.
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sympathetic
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_____ division prepares you to be relaxed.
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parasympathetic
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_____ makes proteins
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ER
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_____ holds cell and gives it shape.
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cytoskeleton
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2 ways nervous system can be broken down based on anatomical location
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central- brain & spinal cord
peripheral |
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_____ is the primary site for recieving signals from other neurons.
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dendrites
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Do neurons undergo mitosis?
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rarely, if ever
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Which has better polyunsaturated fats, baby formula or breast milk?
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breast milk
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_____ is an inicator of aging from wear and tear on lysosomes.
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lipofuscin
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3 universal properties of neurons
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1) excitability/irritability
2) AP conduction 3) neurotransmitter secretion |
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Dumping serotonin to make it contract is and ex. of ________.
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neurotransmitter secretion
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3 functional classes of neurons
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1) sensory (afferent)
2) interneurons (association) 3) motor (efferent) |
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_____ neuron brings info. into central nervous system
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sensory (afferent)
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_____ neuron carries info. to the other side; inbetween
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interneurons (association)
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_____ conducts signals from the CNS to effectors such as muscles and glands; leaving.
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motor (efferent)
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glia cells are not neurons b/c they aren't exciteable and can't send an ________.
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action potential
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3 primary types of neuron
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1) Multipolar
2) Bipolar 3) Unipolar |
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_____ neuron is the most common in the body.
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multipolar
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_____ neuron is associated with smell.
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bipolar
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Where is the soma placed in a unipolar neuron?
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off to the side
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Which of the 3 primary types of neurons contain many dendrites instead of 1 main dendrite?
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multipolar
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In neurons passing ______ makes neurons exciteable.
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info.
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In neurons, the wave of self-promoting depolarization is called an __________.
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action potential
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Which are there more of, neuroglial cells or neurons.
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neuroglial cells
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Neuroglial cells are critical for the support of neuron _____.
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function
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Are neuroglial cells exciteable?
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no, so they can't send an action potential
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4 types of nonexciteable glia cells of the CNS
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1) Astrocytes
2) Ependymal cells 3) Microglial cells 4) Oligodendrites |
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_____ cell composes 90% of brain tissue, supports/ protects neurons, and is found in the blood brain barrier.
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Astrocytes
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_____ cells produce cerebral spinal fluid.
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Ependymal
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______ cells are macrophages of the CNS, protect nervous tissue from infection, and help clean up dead cells.
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Microglial
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______ wrap around neurons in CNS.
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oligodendrites
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2 cell type of PNS
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1) satellite cells
2) schwann cells |
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_____ cells are near the soma in ganglion.
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satellite
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_____ cells wrap around neurons in the PNS.
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schwann
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2 types of supportive cells for AP conduction
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1) oligodendrites
2) schwann cells |
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____ form myelin sheath around axons in the brain/CNS
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oligodendrites
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In ____ disease the oligodendrocytes and myelin sheaths of the CNS dteriorate.
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MS
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_____ cells form from myelin sheath around axons in the PNS
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schwann
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_____ cells aid in regeneration of damaged nerve fibers.
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schwann
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The myelin sheath is very rich in _______ fats and sensitive to toxic lipids.
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polyunsaturated
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The myelin sheath does not permit electrical conduction, so ____ cannot pass through.
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ions
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The gaps of exposed axolemma are called ______.
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Nodes of Ranvier
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Unmyelinated neurons have limits to their function and are especially poor at _________.
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neuronal regeneration
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Myelin sheaths help protect neurons and help to conduct action potential at a ______ rate or speed.
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high
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____ is the source of mRNA and most biosynthesis.
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soma
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_____ describes how things get to the synaptic ending (fast or slow).
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axonal transport
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mm/day for fast axonal transport
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20-400
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3 daily use materials for fast axonal transport
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1) organelles
2) vesicles 3) proteins |
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3 pathogens of fast axonal transport
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1) polio
2) herpes 3) rabies |
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If you know where the ______ entered a neuron, you can time the appearance of symptoms in the CNS to the rate of transport.
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pathogen
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mm/day for slow axonal transport
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0.5 to 10mm/day
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Which axonal transport provides materials for axonal growth/repair/regeneration, fast or slow?
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slow
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______ describes how sodium and potassium ions distribute across the plasma lipid bilayer when an excitable cell (ex. myofiber or neuron) is at rest.
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resting membrane potential
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