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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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is the scientific study of heredity |
Genetics
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during sexual reproduction, sperm and egg cells join produces a new cell
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fertilization
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sperm cells in pollen fertilize the egg cells in the same flower.
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self pollinating
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produce offspring identical to themselves
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true breeding
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pollen from 1 plant pollinates seed from a different plant producing seeds that had two different parents.
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cross pollination
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a specific characteristic that varies from one individual to another
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trait |
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the offspring of crosses between parents with different traits
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hybrids
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factors that determine traits
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gene
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different forms of a gene
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alleles
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the likelihood that a particular event will occur |
probability
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organisms that have two identical alleles for a particular trait |
homozygous
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organisms that have two different alleles for the same trait
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heterozygous
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physical characteristics
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phenotype
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genetic makeup
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genotype
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that genes for different traits can segregate independently during the formation of gametes
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independent assortment
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when one allele is not completely dominant over another(breeding)
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incomplete dominance
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both alleles contribute to the phenotype
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co-dominance
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genes that are controlled by more than two alleles
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multiple alleles
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traits controlled by two or more genes
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polygenic traits
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chromosomes that came from the male parent has a corresponding chromosome from the female parent
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homologous
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a cell that contains BOTH sets of homologous chromosomes
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diploid
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the gametes of sexually reproducing organisms contain only a single set of chromosomes, and therefore only a single set of genes
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haploid
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the process of reduction division in which the number of chromosomes per cell is cut in half through the separation of homologous chromosomes in a diploid cell
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meiosis
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each chromosome pairs with its corresponding homologous chromosome to form this.
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tetrad
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this is the process when homologous chromosomes form tetrads in meiosis I, they exchange portions of their chromatids
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crossing over
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in male animals, meiosis results in four equal-sized gametes called this.
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spermatogenesis
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the formation of eggs
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oogenesis
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two genetically identical diploid cells
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mitosis
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genes that are on the same chromosomes and are close together are inherited together
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gene linkage
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showing the relative locations of each known gene on one of the Drosophila chromosomes
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gene map
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