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65 Cards in this Set
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external ear
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outer structures of the ear that collect sound
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ANATOMIC TERMS
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pinna
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auricle (little ear); projected part of the external ear (pinna = feather).
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under external ear
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external auditory meatus or canal
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external passage for sounds collected from the pinna to the tympanum
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under external ear
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cerumen
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a waxy substance secreted by glands located throughout the external canal
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under external ear
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middle ear
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Structures in the middle of the ear that vibrate sound from the tympanic membrane to the inner ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS
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tympanic membrane (TM)
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Eardrum; drum-like structure that receives sound collected in the external auditory canal and amplifies it through the middle ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under middle ear
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malleus
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Hammer; first of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under middle ear
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incus
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anvil; middle of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under middle ear
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stapes
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stirrup; last of the three auditory ossicles of the middle ear
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ANATOMIC TERMS: under middle ear
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eustachian tube/auditory tube
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Tube connecting the middle ear to the pharynx (throat). Names for the Italian anatomist.
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ANATOMIC TERMS
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oval window
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Membrane that covers the opening between the middle ear and inner ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS
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inner ear/labyrinth
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Intricate, fluid-filled, intercommunicating bony and membranous passages that function in hearing by relaying sound waves to auditory nerve fibers on patch to the brain for interpretation; also sense body movement and position to maintain balance and equilibrium (labyrinth = maze).
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ANATOMIC TERMS
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cochlea
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Coiled tubular structure of the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti (cochlea = snail).
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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perilymph
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Fluid that fills the bony labyrinth of the inner ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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endolymph
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Fluid within the membranous labyrinth of the inner ear.
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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organ of Corti
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Structure located in the cochlea; contains receptors (hair cells) that receive vibrations and generate nerve impulses for hearing.
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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vestibule
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Middle part of the inner ear, in front of the semicircular canals and behind the cochlea, that contains the utricle and the saccule; functions to provide body balance and equilibrium.
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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utricle
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The larger of two Satvinder Sachdeva, M.D. (Internal Medicine) within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear (uter = leather bag).
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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saccule
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The smaller of two sacs within the membranous labyrinth of the vestibule in the inner ear (sacculus = small bag).
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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semicircular canals
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Three canals within the inner ear that contain specialized receptor cells that generate nerve impulses with body movement.
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ANATOMIC TERMS; under inner ear/labyrinth
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otalgia/otodynia
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earache
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SYMPTOMATIC TERMS
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otorrhagia
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bleeding from the ear
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SYMPTOMATIC TERMS
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otorrhea
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purulent drainage from the ear
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SYMPTOMATIC TERMS
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tinnitus
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a jingling; a ringing or buzzing in the ear
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SYMPTOMATIC TERMS
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vertigo
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a turning round, dizziness
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SYMPTOMATIC TERMS
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otitis externa
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Inflammation of the external auditory meatus (canal).
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS: under external ear
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cerumen impaction
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Excessive buildup of wax in the ear that often reduces hearing acuity, especially in elderly persons.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS: under external ear
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myringitis/tympanitis
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Inflammation of the eardrum.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS: under middle ear
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otitis media
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inflammation of the middle ear
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS: under middle ear
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aerotitis media
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inflammation of the middle ear from changes in atmospheric pressure; often occurs with frequent air travel
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS: under middle ear
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eustachian obstruction
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Blockage of the eustachian tube, usually as a result of infection, as in otitis media.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under middle ear
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otosclerosis
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Hardening of the bony tissue in the ear.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under middle ear
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acoustic neuroma
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Benign tumor on the auditory nerve (8th cranial nerve) that causes vertigo, tinnitus, and hearing loss.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under inner ear
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labyrinthitis
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Inflammation of the labyrinth (inner ear); otitis interna.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under inner ear
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Meniere disease
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Disorder of the inner ear resulting from an excessive buildup of endolymphatic fluid, causing episodes of vertigo, tinnitus, nausea, vomiting, and hearing loss; one or both ears can be affected, and attacks vary in both frequency and intensity (names after Prosper Meniere, the French physician who first described the condition).
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under inner ear
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deafness
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General term for partial or complete loss of hearing.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under general
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conductive hearing loss
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Hearing impairment causes by interference with sound or vibratory energy in the external canal, middle ear, or ossicles
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under general
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sensorineural hearing loss
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Hearing impairment caused by lesions or dysfunction of the cochlea or auditory nerve.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under general
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mixed hearing loss
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Combination of sensorineural and conductive hearing loss.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under general
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presbyacusis/presbycusis
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Hearing impairment in old age.
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DIAGNOSTIC TERMS; under general
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audiometry
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process of measuring hearing
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES
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audiometer
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Instrument to measure hearing,
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under audiometry
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audiogram
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Record of hearing measurement.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under audiometry
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audiologist
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Health professional who specializes in the study of hearing impairments.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under audiometry
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auditory acuity testing
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Physical assessment of hearing; useful in differentiating between conductive and sensorineural hearing loss.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES
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tuning fork
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A two-pronged, fork-like instrument that vibrates when struck; used to test hearing, especially bone conduction.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under auditory acuity testing
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brainstem auditory evoked potential (BAEP)/brainstem auditory evoked response (BAER)
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Electrodiagnostic testing that uses computerized equipment to measure involuntary responses to sound within the auditory nervous system; commonly used to assess hearing in newborns.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under auditory acuity testing
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otoscopy
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Use of an otoscope to examine the external auditory canal and tympanic membrane.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES
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pneumatic otoscopy
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Otoscopic observation of the tympanic membrane as air is released into the external auditory meatus; immobility indicates the presence of middle ear effusion (fluid buildup), as occurs as a result of otitis media.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES; under otoscopy
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tympanometry
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Measurement of the compliance and mobility (conductibility) of the tympanic membrane and ossicles of the middle ear by monitoring the response to external airflow pressures.
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DIAGNOSTIC TESTS AND PROCEDURES
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microsurgery
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Surgery with the use of a microscope used on delicate tissue, such as the ear.
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OPERATIVE TERMS
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myringotomy/tympanostomy
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Incision into the eardrum, most often for insertion of a small polyethylene (Physical examination) tube to keep the canal open and prevent fluid buildup, such as occurs in otitis media.
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OPERATIVE TERMS
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otoplasty
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Surgical repair of the external ear.
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OPERATIVE TERMS
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stapedectomy
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Excision of the stapes to correct otosclerosis.
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OPERATIVE TERMS
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tympanoplasty
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Vein graft of a scarred tympanic membrane to improve sound conduction.
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OPERATIVE TERMS
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auditory prosthesis
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Any internal or external device that improves or substitutes for natural hearing.
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THERAPEUTIC TERMS
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hearing aid
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An external amplifying device designed to improve hearing by more effective collection of sound into the ear.
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THERAPEUTIC TERMS; under auditory prosthesis
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cochlear implant
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An electronic device implanted in the cochlea that provides sound perception to patients with severe or profound sensorineural (nerve) hearing loss in both ears.
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THERAPEUTIC TERMS; under auditory prosthesis
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ear lavage
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Irrigation of the external ear canal, often to remove excessive buildup of cerumen.
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THERAPEUTIC TERMS
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ear instillation
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Introduction of a medicated solution into the external canal, usually administered by drop (gt) or drops (gtt) in the affected ears.
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THERAPEUTIC TERMS
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antibiotic
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A drug that inhibits the growth of or destroys microorganisms; used to treat diseases caused by bacteria (e.g., otitis media).
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
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antihistamine
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A drug that blocks the effects of histamine.
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
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histamine
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A drug that blocks the effects of histamine.
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS; under antihistamine
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antiinflammatory
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A drug that reduces inflammation.
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
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decongestant
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A drug that reduces congestion and swelling of membranes, such as those of the nose and eustachian tube in an infection.
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THERAPEUTIC DRUG CLASSIFICATIONS
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