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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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interpersonal relationships
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attachements in which bonds of family or friendship or love or respect or hierarchy tie together two or more individuals over an extended period of time
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5 arguments for the Biological Need to Belong
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1. evolutionary basis for relationships
2. universal dynamics/patterns/themes in relationships 3. relationships guide social cognition 4. need to belong is satiable 5. suffer profound negative consequences, if need is chronically unmet |
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Attachment Theory
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a theory about how our early attachments with our parents shape our relationships for the remainder of our lives
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working model of relationships
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a conceptual model of relationships with our current others - including their availability, warmth,and ability to provide security - as derived from our childhood experience with how available and warm our parents were
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strange situation
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an experimental situation designed to assess an infant's attachment to the caregiver. an infant's reactions are observed after her caregiver has left her alone in an unfamiliar room with a stranger and then again when the caregiver returns to the room (the reunion).
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secure attachment style
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characterized by feelings of security in relationships. individuals with this style are comfortable with intimacy and want to be close to others during times of threat and uncertainty.
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avoidant attachment style
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characterized by feelings of insecurity in relationships. individuals with this style exhibit compulsive self-reliance, prefer distance from others, and are dismissive and detached during times of threat and uncertainty.
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anxious attachment style
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characterized by feelings of insecurity in relationships. individuals with this style compulsively seek closeness, express continual worries about relationships, and excessively try to get closer to others during times of threat and uncertainty
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relational self theory
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a theory that examines how prior relationships shape our current beleifs, feelings and interactions vis-a-vis people who remind us of significant others from our past.
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relational self
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the beliefs, feelings, and expectations that we have about ourselves that derive from our relationships with significant others in our lives
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communal relationships
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relationships in which the individuals feel a special responsibility for one another and give and receive according to the principle of need; such relationships are often long-term.
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exchange relationships
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relationships in which the individuals feel little responsibility toward one another and in which giving and receiving are governed by concerns about equity and reciprocity; such relationships are often short-term.
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power
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the ability to control our own outcomes and those of others; the freedom to act.
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status
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the outcome of an evaluation of attributes that produces differences in respect and prominence, which in part determines an individual's power within a group.
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authority
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power that derives from institutionalized roles or arrangements
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dominance
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behavior that has the acquisition or demonstration of power as its goal
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Where does power come from? (5 sources)
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1. authority, based on roles w/in grp
2. expertise, based on knowledge 3. coercion, based on the ability to use force, aggression 4. ability to provide rewards to others 5. reference power, ability to serve as a role model |
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approach/inhibition theory
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a theory that states that higher-power individuals are inclined to go after their goals and make quick judgements, where as low-power individuals are more likely to constrain their behavior and attend to others carefully
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social dominance orientation
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the desire to see one's own group dominate other groups
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triangular theory of love
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a theory that states that there are three major components of love - passion, intimacy, and commitment - which can be combined in different ways
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investment model of interpersonal relationships
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a model of interpersonal relationships that maintains that these three things make partners more committed to one another: rewards, few alternative partners, and investments in the relationship
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Predictors of Marital Dissatisfaction
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1. Personality (neuroticism)
2. demographic factors (low SES) 3. Age (young) |
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Interaction Dynamics appoach
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a methodological approach to the study of the behaviors and conversations of couples, with a focus on both negative behaviors (like anger, criticism, defensiveness, contempt, sadness and fear) and positive behaviors ( like affection, enthusiasm, interest, and humor)
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The Four Horsemen of the Apocalypse (TOXIC BEHAVIORS)
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1. criticism
2. defensiveness 3. stone-walling 4. contempt |
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To forgive
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is indeed divine
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