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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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A process that influences the direction, persistence, & vigor ofself-directed behaviour
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Motivation |
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Thebody strives to maintain an internal physical equilibrium.
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Homeostasis |
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What Theory explains what happens when there is; Some kind of biological need (ex- thirst, hunger) creates drive state which then activates a numberof diff. behaviours?
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Drive Theory |
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The behaviours that reduce drive are: A: Strengthened B: Weakened |
Answer: A |
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The behaviours that do not reduce drive are:
A: Strengthened B: Weakened |
Answer: B |
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Expectancy theory: Increasing the external reward for a behaviour make the behaviour lessintrinsically rewarding |
"Extrinsic" motivation |
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If a student is studying bcuz they LOVE learning they have:
A: Intrinsic Motivation B: Extrinsic motivation |
Answer: A |
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Ifparents start to pay their kids for good grades then, the kids have:
A: Intrinsic Motivation B: Extrinsic motivation |
Answer: B *This causes students motivation to decrease* |
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Maximize positive consequences& minimize negative consequences
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Operant Conditioning
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What type of drives include: * Survival related• hunger• thirst• sexual drives |
BIOLOGICAL DRIVES
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What type of drives include: The freudian theory |
UNCONSCIOUS DRIVES
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What type of drives include: • Humanistic & Existentialtheories (being the best we can be)• Need for achievement |
SELF-ACTUALIZING DRIVES
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What type of drives include: Need for affiliation |
SOCIAL DRIVES
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Hormonal regulation when it comes to eating: A. High levels of Insulin Stimulate hunger B. Low levels of insulin stimulate hunger C. High levels of Leptin Stimulate hunger D. Low levels of Leptin stimulate hunger |
Answer: A |
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Which hunger cue is: Appearance,odor, effort required (to prepare and to eat it)
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Food-related cues
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High levels of Leptin inhibits hunger. Therefore:
A: Leptin increases Hunger when fat storages are high B: Leptin decreases hunger when fat storage is high |
Answer: B |
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In the Initial theory which area of the hypothalamus is responsible for "hunger on"? A: Lateralhypothalamus B: ventromedial hypothalamus |
Answer: A |
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In the Initial theory which area of the hypothalamus is responsible for "hunger off"?
A: Lateral hypothalamus B: ventromedial hypothalamus |
Answer: B |
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How does anxiety affect appetite? |
Severeanxiety & diminished appetite–Sympathetic NS activity can suppress eating
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People with ______ ______ seethemselves as fat even when they are deathly thin
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Anorexia Nervosa
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Which eating disorder is onset at 14- 17 years of age, causes depletion of bone mass, brain atrophy and organ failure? |
Anorexia Nervosa
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Which eating disorder is onset from late teens or early 20s. Causes Kidneydisease, renal failure, dental problems, tooth decay, complications fromlaxative abuse, and gastrointestinal problems? |
BulimiaNervosa
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Which eating disorder causes no compensatory responses (nopurging/exercise/fasting)? |
BINGEEATING DISORDER
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What happens to the hormone hunger inhibitor leptin when someone has an eating disorder? |
Haveless leptin secreted from fat cells
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Which theory claims unconsciousdrives and impulses motivates human behaviour? |
Psychodynamic Theory (Freud) |
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What are the three components of the Psychodynamic Theory?
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ID, Ego, Superego |
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What theory viewed individuals as essentially good & had their basic needs to develop theircapacities?
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Humanistic Theory (Abraham Maslow)
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What does this hierarchy represent? |
Maslows Hierarchy of needs |
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Substancesthat are thought to increase sexual desire
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Aphrodisiacs
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Which Theory's research indicated that watching violent pornography increasedaggression towards women?
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SocialLearning theory
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A person’s emotional and eroticorientation towards members of the same or opposite gender
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Sexual orientation |
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Kisneys: Sexual Orientation continuum |
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True or False: Genetics have a role in sexual orientation. |
True: In a twin study, there was a 50% concordance rate in homosexuality. |
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Is homosexuality most common in: A: Females B: Males |
Answer: B |
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Name 3 Biological theories of sexual orientation |
1. Brain factors (difference in anterior hypothal) 2. Prenatal Factors (HY antigen for men only) 3. Hormone Levels (Testosterone) |
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What theory uses Classicalor operant Conditioning and says homosexualityis likely to develop if the individual has Positive homosexual experiences, &/or Negative heterosexual experiences?
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Learning Theory |
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Boyloves & desires his mother, fearsthat his father will castrate him, solearns to identify with his father toregain his father’s approval.
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OEDIPAL COMPLEX
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Childloves same sex parent & identifies with opposite sex parent
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NEGATIVEOEDIPAL COMPLEX
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Emphasizeinteraction between biological and environmental factors
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InteractionistTheory
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Anaccumulation of blood in the blood vessels of a region of the body, especiallythe genitals a swelling or erection results
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VASOCONGESTION
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musclecontractions
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MYOTONIA
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Stagesin the Sexual Response cycle:
A. Plateau, Excitement, Orgasm, resolution B. Orgasm, Plateau, Excitement, resolution C. Excitement, Plateau, Orgasm, resolution |
Answer: C |
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Reactionsconsisting of physiological changes, feelings, and expressive behaviors
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Emotion |
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An ________ ___________ has three components: Cognitive, Physiological and behavioural. |
Emotional Experience |
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What theory suggests: That we feelafraid because pulse is racing –physiological arousal, then we interpret experience |
James-Lange Somatic Theory
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What theory suggests: That the Thalamussends signals simultaneously to the cortex & the autonomic nervous system–neither causes the other
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Cannon-Bard Theory
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Seven Universal Emotions |
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What theory says that allemotional responses require some appraisal (conscious or unconscious) sameappraisal = same emotion?
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Lazarus’ Cognitive-Affective Theory
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What theory looks to external cues to decide what to feel? E.g. level of arousal = level of emotion E.g. situation = what emotion we are experiencing
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Schacter’s Two-Factor Theory
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