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224 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The combining form tom/o is defined as "cut" or "section."
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True
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A condition of abnormal narrowing is known as uremia.
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False
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Which term is defined as a herniation of the urinary bladder?
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Cystocele
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Professional organizations have developed codes of ethics that summarize the basic principles and behavior that are expected of all practitioners in that discipline.
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True
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A kidney condition characterized by numerous cyst-like polyps occupying much of the kidney tissue is known as polycystic kidney disease.
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True
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A research subject must be made aware of all the risks involved with the research.
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True
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Which one of the following is NOT one of the requirements associated with an employee who wants to "blow the whistle" on a potentially dangerous situation?
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Be able to prove beyond a reasonable doubt that the actions are negligent.
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If someone alleges, or declares without proof, that a physician has committed a criminal act, the AMA is under no obligation to report it to the state licensing board or governmental agency.
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False
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The involuntary discharge of urine is:
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incontinence
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The term that is defined as "a congenital defect resulting in the abnormal positioning of the urinary meatus to the underside of the penis" is:
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hypospadias
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The abnormal accumulation of urine within the urinary bladder is called urinary suppression.
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False
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An x-ray image of the renal pelvis is known as a pyelogram.
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True
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The ability to alter the basic structure of life to correct a malfunction is the goal of genetic engineering.
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True
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Which one of the following is NOT one of the three reasons that are most frequently given to oppose cloning?
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Playing God
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Ethical behavior, according to the AMA, refers to moral principles or practices, the customs of medical professionals, and matters of medical policy.
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True
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A race-based selection of research patients is always unethical.
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False
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A clone is a group of genetically identical cells that come from a single cell. Thus, cloning makes an exact replication of a parent or a cell.
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True
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The prevention of disability and death are all aims of health care. Human experimentation is considered necessary for medical progress to occur.
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True
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Which procedure pushes a patient's blood through permeable membranes to remove wastes and excess ions that accumulate during normal body functions?
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hemodialysis
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The inability to pass urine is called:
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Anuresis
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what is the oldest code of ethics or principles that govern conduct of those practicing medicine?
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the COde of Hammurabi.
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who is referred to as the father of medicine?
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Hippocrates.
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What famous document did Hippocrates write?
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the hippocratic oath.
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What is the AMA?
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American medical association.
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what is ethical behavior according to the AMA?
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moral principles, practices, the customs of the medical profession, and matters of medical policy.
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is it ethical or unethical for physicians to decline patients due to race or color?
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it is unethical.
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what is a censure?
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criticism.
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what is expulsion?
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being forced out.
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define alleges.
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declares without proof.
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define revocation.
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to take away.
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what is the role of the judicial council opinions of the AMA?
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to interpret and create published opinions for AMA members.
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who creates codes of ethics for the nurses?
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the international council of nurses and the american nurses association.
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who creates the code of ethics for the medical assistants around the country?
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the American association of medical assistants.
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what are the five most pressing ethical issues in biotech medicine?
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1. protecting human subjects in clinical trials
2. affordability 3.privacy 4.stem cell research 5. defending the united states against terrorism. |
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what does UNOS mean?
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united network for organ sharing.
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what is one of the most discussed bioethical issues today?
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who shall recieve an organ transplant.
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what does posthumous mean?
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after death.
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what is the social utility method of allocation?
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a basis for determining the allocation of organs is to give them to patients who will benefit the most.
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what is the legal entity in the US responsible for allocating organs for transplantation?
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the united network for organ sharing (UNOS)
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what forbids the sale of organs in interstate commerce?
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the national organ transplant law of 1984.
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what is an AIH?
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an artificial insemination husband.
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what is an AID?
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an artificial insemination donor.
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human experimentation is necessary for medical progress to occur. T/F?
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true.
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what is nontheraputic research?
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research that will not directly benefit the research subjects.
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what is theraputic research?
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a form of medical research that may directly benefit the research subject
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what is an IRB?
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an institutional review board.
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what is whistleblowing?
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when employees publicly report a potentially dangerous situation in their organization to authorities who can take corrective action.
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what is the human genome project?
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it was a research program started by the federal government and it estimated how many genes each of us had.
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what is a human genome?
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a complete set of genes.
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what is the goal of genetic engineering?
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the ability to alter the basic structure of life to correct a malfunction.
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what is a clone?
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a group of genetically identical cells that come from a single common cell.
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what is gene therapy?
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it is when a gene is spliced, or connected, onto the DNA of body cells to control the production of a particular substance is still in its infancy.
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what are stem cells?
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they are considered the master cells in the body that can generate specialized cells.
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albumin/o means?
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protein.
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blast/o means?
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developing cell.
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glomerul/o means?
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little ball, glomerulus.
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gluc/o, glyc/o, and glycos/o mean?
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sweet, sugar.
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meat/o means?
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opening, passage.
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nephr/o means?
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kidney.
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pyel/o means?
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renal pelvis.
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ren/o means?
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kidney.
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ureter/o means?
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ureter.
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urethr/o means?
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urethra.
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ur/o and urin/o mean?
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urine.
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the field that specializes in the treatment of the kidney is?
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nephrology.
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an- means?
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without or absence of.
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dia- means?
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through.
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dys- means?
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bad, abnormal, painful, or difficult.
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poly- means?
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excessive, over, or many.
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albumin/o means?
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albumin ( a protein)
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azot/o means?
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urea, nitroge.
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bacteri/o means?
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bacteria.
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azot/o means?
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urea or nitrogen.
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hem/o and hemat/o mean?
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blood.
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ket/o and keton/o mean?
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ketone.
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noct/o means?
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night.
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olig/o means?
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few in number.
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prote/o means?
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protein.
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py/o means?
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pus.
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-emia means?
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condition of blood.
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-urea means?
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urine.
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-uresis means?
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urination.
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-uria means?
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pertaining to urine or urination.
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an- means?
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without or absence of.
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dia- means?
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through.
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dys- means?
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bad, abnormal, painful, or difficult.
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en- means?
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within, upon, on, or over.
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epi- means?
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upon, over, above, or on top.
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hypo- means?
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deficient, abnormally low, or below.
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poly- means?
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excessive, over, or many.
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albumin/o means?
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albumin.
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azot/o means?
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urea or nitrogen
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bacter/o means?
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bacteria.
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blast/o means?
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germ or bud.
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cyst/o means?
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bladder.
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glomerul/o means?
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ball or glomerulus.
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hemat/o means?
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blood.
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hydr/o means?
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water.
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ket/o and keton/o mean?
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ketone.
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lith/o means?
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stone.
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nephr/o means?
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kidney.
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olig/o means?
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few in number.
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prote/o means?
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protein.
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py/o means?
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pus.
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pyel/o means?
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renal pelvis.
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ren/o means?
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kidney.
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spadias/o means?
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rip or tear.
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sten/o means?
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narrow.
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ur/o means?
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urine.
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ureter/o means?
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ureter.
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urethr/o means?
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urethra.
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-al means?
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pertaining to.
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Lopressor
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metoprolol tartrate
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-emia means?
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condition of blood.
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-ia and iasis mean?
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condition of.
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-ic means?
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pertaining to.
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-itis means?
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inflammation.
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-megaly means?
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abnormally large.
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-oma means?
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tumor.
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-osis means?
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condition of.
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-pathy means?
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disease.
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-ptosis means?
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drooping.
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-sis means?
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state of.
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-urea means?
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urine.
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-uria means?
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pertaining to urine or urination.
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cystitis is?
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inflammation of the urinary bladder.
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cystocele is?
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herniation of the urinary bladder.
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cystolith is?
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a stone or a calculus in the urinary bladder.
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define enuresis.
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involuntary release of urine which usually occurs due to lack of bladder control amongst kids or the elderly.
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if it enuresis occurs during night is called?
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nocturnal enuresis.
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what is a epispadias?
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a congenital defect resulting in the abormal positioning of the urinary meatus.
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what is glomerulonephritis?
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inflammation of the glomeruli.
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what is hydronephrosis?
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distension of the renal pelvis.
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what is hypospadias?
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the change in location of the urinary meatus is ventral.
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define incontinence.
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the inability to control urination.
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what is nephritis?
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inflammation of the kidney.
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what is a nephroblastoma?
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a tumor originating from kidney tissue that includes developing embryonic cells.
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a nephroblastoma is aslo called what?
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a Wilms tumor.
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what is nephrolithiasis?
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the presence of one or more stones within a kidney.
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what is nephroma?
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a tumor arising from the kidney.
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what is nephromegaly?
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an abnormal enlargement of one or both kidneys.
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define nephroptosis.
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the sondition of a downward displacement of a kidney.
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what is polycystic?
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many numerous cyst occupying much of the kidney tissue.
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what is pyelitis?
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inflammation of the renal pelvis.
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what is pyelonephritis?
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inflammation of the renal pelvis and nephrons.
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what are stricture?
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condition of abnormal narrowing.
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what is uremia?
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an excess of urea and other nitrogenous wastes present in the blood.
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define ureteritis.
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inflammation of a ureter.
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what is a ureterocele?
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a herniated ureter.
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define ureterolithiasis.
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the presence of one or more stones within a ureter.
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what is urinary retention?
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the abnormal accumulation of urine within the urinary bladder
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what is urinary suppression?
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an acute stoppage of urine formation by the kidneys
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what is a urinary tract infection?
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an infection of the urinary organs usually the urethra and urinary bladder.
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a- means?
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without or absence of.
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dia- means?
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through.
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cyst/o means?
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bladder.
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hemat/o and hem/o mean?
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blood.
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lith/o means?
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stone.
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meat/o means?
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opening.
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nephr/o means?
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kidney.
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peritone/o means?
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peritoneum.
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pyel/o means?
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renal pelvis.
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ren/o means?
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kidney.
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son/o means?
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sound.
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tom/o means?
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to cut.
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ureter/o means?
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ureter.
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ur/o and urin/o mean?
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urine.
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vesic/o means?
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bladder.
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-al means?
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pertaining to.
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-ectomy means?
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surgical excision or removal.
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-gram means?
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a record or image.
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-graphy means?
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recording process.
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-is means?
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pertaining to.
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-lysis means?
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loosen or dissolve.
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-meter means?
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measuring instrument.
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-pexy means?
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surgical fixation.
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-plasty means?
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surgical repair.
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-rrhapy means?
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suturing.
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-scopy means?
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process of viewing.
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-stomy means?
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surgical creation of an opening.
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-tomy means?
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incision or to cut.
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-tripsy means?
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surgical creation.
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what does BUN mean?
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blood urea nitrogen.
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what is blood urea nitrogen?
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a clinical lab test that measures urea concentration in a sample of blood as a indicator of kidney function.
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what is creatinine?
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a normal component of urine and is a byproduct of muscle metabolism.
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what is a cystetomy?
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the surgical removal of the urinary bladder.
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what is a cystogram?
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an X-ray of the urinary bladder.
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what is a cystourethrogram?
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a image of the bladder and the ureters.
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define cystolithotomy?
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a procedure in which an incision is made through the urinary bladder to remove a stone.
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what is cystoplasty?
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surgical repair of the urinary bladder.
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define cystorrhapy.
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suturing of the urinary bladder wall.
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what is cystoscopy?
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a procedure using a modified endoscope to view the interior of the urinary bladder.
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what is cystostomy?
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the surgical creation of an artificial opening into the urinary bladder.
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what is cystotomy?
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an incsioin through the urinary bladder. it is also called a vesicotomy.
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what is fulguration?
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a surgical procedure that destroys living tissue with an electric current.
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what is hemodialysis?
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a procedure that pushes a patient's blood through permeable membranes within an instrument.
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what is lithotripsy?
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a surgical technique that applies sound waves to pulverize or dissolve stones into smaller pieces so that they may pass though in urine.
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what is nephrectomy?
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a surgical procedure removing a kidney.
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an image of the kidney is called a ?
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nephrogram.
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what is nephrology?
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the medical field that specializes in the kidneys.
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what is nephrolysis?
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a surgical procedure in which abnormal adhesions are removed from a kidney, loosening the organ.
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define nephropexy.
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surgical fixation of a loosened kidney.
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define nephroscopy.
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visual examination of kidney nephrons
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what is nephrosonography?
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an ultrasound procedure done on the kidney to provide visual examination.
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define nephrostomy.
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a procedure that surgically creates an opening though the body wall and into a kidney.
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what is a nephrotomogram?
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a record or image of the internal structures of the kidney.
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what is pereitoneal dialysis?
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it removes toxins and wastes asa replacement for kidney function.
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what is a pyelogram?
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an image of the renal pelvis.
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what is pyelolithotomy?
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a surgery performed to remove a stone from the renal pelvis invloving an incision into the kidney.
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what is pyeolplasty?
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surgical repair of the renal pelvis.
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what is renography?
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an examination using nuclear medicine by intravenous injection of radioactive material into the patients kidney.
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what is specific gravity?
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the measurement of the density of substances in a liquid compared to water.
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what is ureterostomy?
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the surgical creation of an external opening from the ureter to the body surface.
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what is uretertomy?
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an incision into the wall of the ureter.
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what is urethropexy?
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surgical fixation of the urethra.
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what is urethroplasty?
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surgical repair of the urethra.
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what is urethrostomy?
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the surgical creation of an opening through the urethra.
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what is urethrotomy?
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an incision into the wall of the urethra.
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what is urinalysis?
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clinical lab tests done on a specimen of urine.
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wha is a catheter?
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a flexible tube inserted into an opening of the body to transport fluids in or out.
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what is urinary endoscopy?
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the procedural us of an endoscope to observe internal structures of the urinary system.
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what is an urinometer?
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an instrument used that measures specific gravity in a sample of urine.
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what is a urologist?
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the medical field specializing in disorders of the urinary system.
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what does vesicourethral mean?
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a surgery performed to stabilize the position of the urinary bladder.
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