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24 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Stress |
stimulus that exceeds an organisms ability to cope |
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Eustress vs Distress |
eustress: good overall effect distress: bad overall effect |
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stressor |
stimulus that causes stress |
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2 types of stressors |
major life stressors -natural disasters, having a baby
daily hassles -day to day annoyances |
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placebo effect |
improvement in health following treatment with 'fake' stimulus |
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coping mechanism |
actions taken to reduce the effect of stressors |
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hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) response axis |
body's response to stressors hypothalamus - pituitary glands (secrete hormones) - adrenal glands (secrete cortisol) - cortisol increases HR, etc., to fight stressor |
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fight or flight response |
blood sent to areas of the body that need it and away from the digestive organs (increased HR) |
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tend and befriend response |
females affiliate with other females in response to stress rather than fleeing in an evolutionary response to protect offspring due to having more oxytocin released |
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general adaptation response (nonspecific stress response) |
occurs due to damage to the immune system, stomach ulcers, and enlarged adrenal glands that affects ability to cope with stressors |
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alarm stage of adaptation syndrome |
fight or flee |
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resistance stage |
preparation to deal with stressors for an extended period of time immunity to diseases increases |
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exhaustion stage |
immunity fails and ability to cope diminishes |
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Type A behavior |
competitive, high-stress |
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Type B behavior |
relaxed, easy-going, nonstressed |
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buffering hypothesis |
people provide direct support in coping with stress (friends, married partners, etc.) |
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Hardiness |
commitment, challenge, and control people who have hardiness are better resistant to stress |
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primary appraisals |
deciding whether a stimulus is benign, irrelevant, or stressful |
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secondary appraisals |
evaluating response options |
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emotion-focused coping |
avoiding the emotional experience of stress
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problem-focused coping |
taking action to address the problem that is causing the stress |
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upward appraisals |
method to cope with stress involves looking at the 'silver lining' |
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downward comparisons |
method to cope with stress involves looking at people in worse circumstances |
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creation of positive events |
seeing how taking positive action can help with unfortunate situations |
