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82 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Epicranius |
composed of the occipitofontalis muscle and a broad epicranial aponeurosis |
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Frontal belly of occipitofrontalis |
is superificial to the frontal bone of the forehead - raises the eyebrow and wrinkles the skin of the forehead |
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Occipital Belly |
covers the posterior side of the head - retracts the skull slightly |
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Corrugator supercilli |
draws the eyebrows together and creates a vertical wrinkle lines above the nose |
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orbicularis occuli |
circular muscle fiver that surronds the orbit - the eyelid closes when it contracts |
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Levator Palpebrae Superioris |
elevates the upper eyelid when you open your eyes |
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Nasalis |
elevates the corners of the nostrils |
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Procerus |
wrinkles the nose |
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Orbicularis Oris |
consists of muscle fivers that encircle the opining of the mouth - when contracts: you open your mouth
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Depressor Libii Inferioris |
it pulls the lower lip inferiorly |
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Depressor anguli oris |
the frown muscle -pulls the corner of the mouth inferiorly |
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levator labii superioris |
pulls the upper lip superiorly |
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Levatos anguli oris |
pulls the corner of the mouth superiorly and laterally |
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Zygomatic Major/ Minor |
work with the levator anguli oris muscles - help when you smile |
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Mentalis |
attached to the lower lip - protrudes the lower lip |
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Playsma |
tenses the skin of the neck and pulls the lower lip inferiorly |
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Bussinaror |
compresses the cheack against the teeth when we chew |
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Extrinsic eye muscles |
move the eyes |
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common tendinous ring |
the origin of the rectus eye muscles |
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Medial rectus |
attaches to the antermedial surface of the eye and pulls the eye medially |
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Lateral rectus |
attaches to the anterlateral surface of the eyes and pulls the eye laterally |
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Inferior rectus |
attaches to anterinferior part of the sclera and pulls the eye inferiorly |
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superior rectus |
attaches to the anteriorsuperior part of the scelra and pulls the eye superiorly |
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Inferior Oblique |
elevates the eye and turns the eye laterally and attaches to the posterior part of the eye |
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Superior Oblique |
depresses the eye and tunes the eye laterally |
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Trochlea |
pulley loop in whcih the the superior olbique passes through |
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Mastitfication |
refers to the process of chewing |
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temporalis |
broad, fan shaped muscles that extends form the temporal lines of the skull and inserts on the coroniod process of the mandible - elevates and retracts the mandible |
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Massseter |
elevates and protracts the mandible - superficial to the temporalis |
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Lateral/ Medial Pterygoid |
muscles arise form the lateral pyergoid plates of the sphenoid bones and insert on the mandible - protract the mandible and move it form side to side during chewing |
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Intrinsic Muscles |
curl and squeeze, and fold the tongue during chewing and speaking |
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Extrinsic Muscles |
origin on other head and neck structures and insert on tongue |
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Genioglossus |
origin on the mandible and protract the tongue |
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Styloglossus |
originate on the styloid process of the temporal bone - elevate and retract the tongue |
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Hylogussus |
orginate from the hyoid bone and insert on sides of tongue - depress and retract the tongue |
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Palatoglossus |
originate on the soft palate and elevate the posterior portion of the tongue |
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Pharynx |
"throat" is a funnel shapes tube that lies posterior to and extends inferiorly form both the oral and nasal cavities |
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Pharyngeal Constrictors |
Initiate swallowing and force the bolus inferiorly into the esophagus |
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hyoid muscles |
are associated to the floor of the mouth |
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geniohyoid |
originates form the mental spines of the mandible and inserts on the hyoid bone - elevates the hyoid bone |
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Mylohyiod |
provides muscular floor to the mouth |
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Stylohyoid |
originates form the styloid process of the skull and inserts on the hyoid - elevates the hyoid causing the floor of the oral cavity to elongate during swallowing |
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Infrahyoid muscles |
contact to influence the position of the hyoid bone and the larynx -depresses the hyoid or depress the thyroid cartilage of the pharynx |
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omohyoid muscles |
depresses the hyoid bone |
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sternothyroid bone |
depresses the thyroid bone and elevates the thyroid bone to close off the larynx during swallowing |
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sternocleidomastioid |
muscle that extends from the sternum and clavicle to the mastoid process posterior to the ear -flexes the neck and rotation of head |
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spenius capitis/seplenius cervicis/ semispinalis capitis, and lognissimus capitis |
extend the neck |
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Oblique Muscles |
turn the head to the same side |
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Rectus Muscles |
extend the neck and muscles |
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Erector Spinae |
maintain posture and help an individual stand erect |
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3 groups of Erector Spinae Muscles |
Iliocosotalis logissimus spinalis |
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Illiocostalis group |
most laterally placed and it is composed of cervical thoracic and lumbar |
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Logissimus Group |
medial to the iliocastalis group and iserts on the tranverse process of the vertebrae - composed of capitis, vrvial and thoracic |
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Spinalis Group |
medially placed of the erector spine muscles and insert of the spinous process of the vertebrae - |
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Transversospinalis Muscles |
conncect and stablize the vertebrae |
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Quadratus Lumborum |
muscles are located primarily in the lumbar region - extend the vertebral column |
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serratus posterior superior |
attaches to ribs 2-5 and elevates the ribs during inspiration |
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Serratus posterior inferior |
attaches to ribs 8-12 and depresses the those ribs during expiration |
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external intercostals |
extend intercostals from the superior rib to the adjacent inferior rib - assist in expanding the thoracic cavity by elevating the ribs during inhalation |
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Internal intercostals |
lie deep to the external intercostals and they depress the ribs nut only during forced exhalation |
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diaphragm |
dome shaped muscle that forms a partition between the thoracic and abdominal cavities - most important muscle for breathing |
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central tendon |
a strong aponeurosis that is the insertion tendon for all peripheral muscle fibers of the diaphragm
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external oblique |
large superficial muscle sheet - lateral flexion of vertebral column; rotation vertebral column to opposite side - flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall |
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Internal oblique |
middle muscle sheet. deep to external oblique ands superficial to transversus abdominis - lateral flexion of vertebrae column and rotates the vertebral column to opposite side - flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall |
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Transversus Abdominis |
deepest of the 3 muscles sheets; fibers project horizontally - lateral flexion of vertebral column - flexes vertebral column; compresses abdominal wall |
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Rectus Abdominis |
extend from the thoracic cages to the pubis; segmented by three perpendicular tendinous intersections - flexes vertebral column and compresses abdominal wall |
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Rectus sheath |
encloses rectus abdominis which is formed from apenuerosis of the external oblique, internal oblique and trenversus adominis muscles |
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linea alba |
connect the left and right rectus sheath |
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pelvic diaphram |
composed by three layers of muscles and associated fasciae |
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coccyges |
pulls the coccyx anteriorly after its posterior deflection during defecation or child birth ` |
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external anal sphincter |
assist in defecation |
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levator ani |
largest and most important collection of muscles in the pelvic floor - supports the pelvic viscera and functions as a sphincter at the anorectal junction, urethra, and vagina |
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Muscles that form leavtor ani |
ilioccygeus, pubococcygeus and puberectalis |
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perinuem |
diamond shaped region between the lower appendages and has four significant landmarks - pubic symphysis anteriorly, the coccyx posterity, and ischial tuberosisities |
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urogenital triangle |
contains the external genital and urethra and anal triangle ` |
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Superficial layer of Urogenital Triangle |
Bulcospongiousus and isciocavernosus and superficial transverse perineal |
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Superficial Transverse Perineal |
supports the pelivc organs |
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Ischiocavernosus |
assits erection of penis or clitoris |
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bubospongiousus |
Narrows vaginal opening and ejects urine or semen |
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Deep layer of Urogenital triangle |
deep transverse perineal muscle and external urethral sphincter |
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Deep transverse perineal muscle |
suppports the pelvic organs |
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External urethral sphincter |
constricts urethra to voluntarily inhibit urination |
