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30 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
K street |
Major thoroughfare in the United States capital of Washington, D.C. known as a center for numerous think tanks, lobbyists, and advocacy groups. |
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Lobby |
Group of people who try actively to influence legislation. |
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Lobbyist |
Someone who tries to persuade legislators to vote for bills that the lobbyists favor. |
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Interest group |
Group of people with common goals who organize to influence government. |
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Ideological interest group |
Political organization that attracts members by appealing to their political convictions or principles. |
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Public-interest lobby |
Political organization whose goals will principally benefit nonmembers. |
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Ralph Nader |
Liberal American politician who has started many influencial interest groups since the 1960's. (He beleives that corperations are taking over America and beleives they should be severly regulated) |
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Environmental movement |
Social movement organized around concerns about the relationship between humans and the environment. |
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Feminist movement |
Movement aimed at equal rights for women. |
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Union movement |
Workers of the US united and formed groups. |
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Super PAC's |
Independent political committees that support a candidate with unlimited, often anonymous, donations from companies, unions, or individuals. The groups can't contribute directly to a candidate, but they can run favorable ads about a candidate—or negative ones about their favored candidate's opponent. |
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Citizens United v. FEC (2010) |
U.S. constitutional law case dealing with the regulation of campaign spending by organizations. |
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Direct Mail |
Use of targeted mailings to prospective supporters, usually compiled from lists of those who have contributed to candidates and parties in the past. |
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Political cue |
Signal telling a legislator what values are at stake in a vote, and how that issue fits into his or her own political views on party agenda. |
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Insider strategy |
Strategy of lobbyists that work closely with a few key members of Congress, meeting them privately to exchange information and favors. |
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Grassroots lobbying |
Attempts by groups and associations to influence elected officials indirectly through their constituents. |
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Astroturf lobbying |
When groups create front organizations designed to give the appearence of a greater level of public concern than really exists. |
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Revolving door |
Employment cycle in which individuals who work for government agencies that regulate interests eventually end up working for interest groups or businesses with the same policy concern. |
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Ethics in government act (1978) |
Required financial disclosure by high government officials in all three branches of government. |
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Lobbyist Disclosure Act (1995) |
Legislation aimed at bringing a higher level of accountability to federal lobbying practices in the US. |
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Pluralist theory |
Theory of government and politics emphasizing that politics is mainly a competition among groups, each one pressing for its own preferred policies. |
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Elitist theory |
Theory that a few top leaders make the key decisions without reference to popular desires. |
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Hyperpluralist theory |
Theory of government and politics contending that groups are so strong that government is weakened. |
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Iron Triangles |
Alliance among congressional committees, interest groups, and federal departments/agencies. |
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Issue networks |
Alliance of various interest groups and individuals who unite in order to promote a single issue in government policy. |
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Free rider problem |
Problem faced by interest groups when citizens can reap the benefits of interest group action without actually joining, participating in, or contributing money to such groups. |
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Think tank |
Nongovernmental organization that seeks to influence public policy through research and education. |
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Earmarks |
Special spending projects that are set aside on behalf of individual members of Congress for their constituents. |
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Amicus Curiae (friend of the court) briefs |
Someone who is not a party to a case and offers information that bears on the case, but who has not been solicited by any of the parties to assist a court. |
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Litigation |
Law refers to the rules and practices involved in resolving disputes in the court system. |