Chapter 11 Actual Notecards

Front 1

Using the yeast signal transduction pathways, both types of mating cells release the mating factors. These factors bind to specific receptors on the correct cells.

Back 1

Which induce changes in the cells that lead to cell fusion.

Front 2

What's is most likely to happen to an animals target cells that lack receptors for local regulators

Back 2

They might not be able to multiply in response to growth factors from nearby cells

Front 3

Which of the following is a likely explanation of why natural selection favored the evolution of signals for sexual reproduction

Back 3

Even in the simplest organisms, sexual reproduction required several coordinated responses by cells.

Front 4

Which of the following is characterized by a cell releasing a signal molecule into the environment, followed by a number of cells in the immediate vicinity responding?

Back 4

Paracrine signaling

Front 5

In the formation of biofilms, such as those forming on unbrushed teeth, cell signaling serves which function?

Back 5

Aggregation of bacteria that can cause cavities.

Front 6

In yeast signal transduction, the yeast cells

Back 6

Secrete molecules that result in response by other yeast cells

Front 7

In which of the following ways do plant hormones differ from hormones in animals?

Back 7

Plant hormones may travel in air or through vascular systems

Front 8

When a neuron responds to a particular neurotransmitter by opening gated ion channels, the neurotransmitter is serving as which part of the signal pathway?

Back 8

Signal molecule

Front 9

Of the following, a receptor protein in a membrane that recognizes a chemical signal is most similar to

Back 9

The active site of an allosteric enzyme that binds to a specific substrate

Front 10

Which of the following is true for the signaling system in an animal cell that lacks the ability to produce GTP

Back 10

It would not be able to activate and inactivate the G protein on the cytoplasmic side of the plasma membrane

Front 11

Testosterone functions inside a cell by

Back 11

Bonding with a receptor protein that enters the nucleus and activates specific genes

Front 12

Which of the following is true of transcription factors

Back 12

They control gene expression

Front 13

One of the major categories of receptors in the plasma membrane reacts by forming dimers, adding phosphate groups, and then activating relay proteins. Which type does this?

Back 13

Receptor tyrosine kinases

Front 14

Because most receptors are membrane proteins, which of the following is usually true

Back 14

They change their conformation after binding with signal polypeptides

Front 15

Since steroid receptors are located intracellularly, which of the following is true?

Back 15

The steroid/receptor complex can cross the nuclear membrane

Front 16

The receptors for a group of signaling molecules known as growth factors are often

Back 16

Neurotransmitters

Front 17

In general, a signal transmitted via phosphorylation of a series of proteins

Back 17

Brings a conformational change to each protein