Chapter 11

Front 1

the branch of psychology concerned with individual behaviors and lifestyles affecting a person's health and illness

Back 1

health psychology

Front 2

a state of complete physical, mental, and social well-being

Back 2

health

Front 3

central to linking the mind(realm of psych) and the body(realm of biology) in understanding health and illness

Back 3

biopsychosocial model of health

Front 4

the most significant health problem of our time; caused by HIV human immunodeficiency disorder, this disease is sexually transmitted and destroys the body's immune sytem (spread through blood and sex)

Back 4

AIDS acquired immunodeficiency syndrome

Front 5

situations in our lives that impose demands, sometimes excessive demands that produces feelings of tension

Back 5

stress/stressor as a stimulus

Front 6

an internal feeling or physical reaction to a particular event; feelings of irritability, lack of energy, and headaches; increased heart rate, feelings of anxiety, or constant worrying are the consequences

Back 6

stress as response

Front 7

an interaction between the person and the environment; when environment imposes demands upon us

Back 7

stress as a process

Front 8

interpretation of events

Back 8

appraisal processes

Front 9

who developed the transactional or interactionist model of stress?

Back 9

Richard Lazarus

Front 10

appraises whether an event is stressful. can be irrelevant, beningn and positive, or harmful and negative

Back 10

primary appraisal

Front 11

appraises whether he or she can cope with the stressful event. thinks what strategies or coping options can be used

Back 11

secondary appraisal

Front 12

potential causes of stress

Back 12

1) catastrophes
2) significant life changes
3) daily hassles

Front 13

includes spousal battering, sexual abuse of female children, dowry-related violence, rape (including marital rape), female genital mutilation, nonspousal violence (including violence in intimate relationships), sexual harassment and intimidation at work and in school, the trafficking of women, forced prostitution, and rape in war

Back 13

united nation's list of forms of violence against women (VAW)

Front 14

effects on women violence

Back 14

physical injuries, mental and emotional health consequences

Front 15

first and most popular measure of stress. scale identifies major life events related to illness (1 to 100) higher the mean value, the greater the stress. value differs from person to person

Back 15

Social Readjustment Rating Scale developed by Holmes and Rahe in 1967

Front 16

-major source of stress
-composed of 117 different everyday events considered annoying like getting stuck in traffic or not having enough money

Back 16

-hassles
-Hassles Scale

Front 17

a situation when stimuli are so intense that we can no longer cope with them

Back 17

overload

Front 18

caused by overload or persistent daily hassles; characterized by feelings of hopelessness, chrnoic fatigue, and low energy

Back 18

burnout

Front 19

walter cannon described the body's response to stress using ________. [increased heart rate and respiration, divert blood to skeletal muscles, release fat from the body's stores, in effect preparing the body to either fight or fly away from the stressor]

Back 19

fight or flight response

Front 20

in this model of Hans Selye, there are three bodily responses
1) body mobilizes to respond to stress by activating the sympathetic nervous system
2)when the body tries to cope with the stressor through direct confrontation
3) when the body's resources may be depleted if stress continues over a substantial period

Back 20

1) alarm stage
2) resistance stage
3) exhaustion stage

Front 21

most common response to stress; when we are worried, tense, nervous or afraid

Back 21

anxiety

Front 22

another common reaction; often implicated in aggression; can range from mild annoyance to uncontrollable rage

Back 22

anger

Front 23

reaction in response to frustration or loss; might slip into depression; when we feel powerless to do anything abt the stress in our lives

Back 23

sadness

Front 24

a state of apathy, withdrawal, and inaction

Back 24

learned helplessness

Front 25

personality characterized by extreme anxiousness, intense sense of time urgency, an aggressive personality, an intence achievement motivation, and involvement in several different tasks at the same time. ppl who are these are excessively competitive, hard-driven, impatient, and hostile

Back 25

Type A personality (shapoo! XD)

Front 26

____ individuals tend to display better physical and psychological adaptation to stress while ____ individuals tend to feel they have little control over their lives, which causes ill health

Back 26

optimistic, pessimistic

Front 27

used to characterize people who are most resistant to stress, this trait consists of commmitment, challenge, and control

Back 27

hardiness

Front 28

one who plays the role of caretaker not only of household matters, but of the family's emotional needs [filipino term]

Back 28

tagasalo

Front 29

when availability of money or economic resources allows for more options for coping and greater access to legal, medical, and other professional assistance

Back 29

material support

Front 30

provides emotional sustenance, tangible resources or material aid, and information when we are in need; help from friends, family, coworkers, etc

Back 30

social support

Front 31

the process of managing external and/or internal demands that are appraised as taxing or exceeding the resources of the person (Lazarus and Folkman 1984)

Back 31

coping

Front 32

efforts toward solving the problem

Back 32

problem-focused coping

Front 33

efforts to deal with emotions arising from the experience of the stressful event

Back 33

emotion-focused coping

Front 34

behavioral strategies under emotion-focused coping (4)

Back 34

exercise, using alcohol or drugs, releasing anger, and seeking emotional support from friends

Front 35

cognitive strategies (2)

Back 35

setting the problem aside, "just forget it" or "don't think about it"
or
reappraise the situation and change the meaning of the event

Front 36

unconscious strategies involving a certain amount of self-deception

Back 36

defense mechanisms

Front 37

occurs when memories are too painful and are unconsciously excluded from conscious awareness

Back 37

repression

Front 38

means giving excuses like "i didnt really want it anyway"

Back 38

rationalization

Front 39

recognizing our undesirable qualities in others but not in ourselves

Back 39

projection

Front 40

means to be detached from the situation and to think of it in abstract terms

Back 40

intellectualization

Front 41

means not recognizing that there is a problem

Back 41

denial

Front 42

means channeling a motive to a more acceptable outlet like banging the door to displace aggression

Back 42

displacement

Front 43

modifying the thoughts, ideas, and beliefs that maintain one's problem

Back 43

cognitive restructuring

Front 44

idea here is to monitor what we tell ourselves so that we can change negative thoughts to positive ones

Back 44

self-talk

Front 45

religious faith has been found to promote psychological well-being and to help people cope with stress. it also provides a meaningful way of thinking abt stressful events. true/false???

Back 45

true. duh. =.='

Front 46

the variety of interventions designed to help people cope better with stressors or with the negative emotions elicited by stressful events

Back 46

stress management

Front 47

the practice and system of thought that incorporates exercises to attain bodily or mental control and well-being, as well as enlightenment

Back 47

meditation

Front 48

Hargreaves model of stress management in four components,
examples of each are:
1) removing the cause
2) training
3) creating a positive image
4) healthy diet

Back 48

1) changing the causes of stress
2) developing the skills to cope
3) working with the mind
4) a balanced lifestyle

Front 49

culture affects the way we respond to stress. true/false?
[ex: individualistic culture/western vs collectivistic/eastern culture]

Back 49

true. -.-'

Front 50

4 key behavious that promote health.

Back 50

-regular exercise
-proper nutrition
-not smoking
-sound sexual decision-making