Chapter 11 & 12 Med Terms

Front 1

lacrimal fluid

Back 1

aka tears, is to maintain moisture on the anterior surface of the eyeball

Front 2

choroid

Back 2

aka choroid coat, is the opaque middle layer of the eyeball that contains many blood vessels and provides the blood supply for the entire eye

Front 3

fovea centralis

Back 3

is a pit in the middle of the macula. color vision is best in this area because it contains a high concentration of cones and no rods

Front 4

iris

Back 4

the muscles within the iris control the amount of light that is allowed to enter the eye through the pupil

Front 5

accommodation

Back 5

is the process whereby the eyes make adjustments for seeing objects at various distances

Front 6

convergence

Back 6

is the simultaneous inward movement of the eyes toward each other

Front 7

refraction

Back 7

aka refractive power, is the ability of the lens to bend light rays so they focus on the retina

Front 8

visual acuity

Back 8

is the ability to distinguish object details and shape at a distance

Front 9

ophthalmologist

Back 9

is a physician who specializes in diagnosing and treating diseases and disorders of the eyes and vision

Front 10

optometrist

Back 10

holds a doctor of optometry degree and specializes in the measuring they accuracy of vision to determine whether corrective lenses are needed

Front 11

blepharoptosis

Back 11

aka ptosis, is drooping of the upper eyelid that is usually due to paralysis

Front 12

ectropion

Back 12

is the eversion of the edge of an eyelid outward

Front 13

entropion

Back 13

is the inversion of the edge of an eyelid inward

Front 14

hordeolum

Back 14

aka stye, is a pus-filled lesion on the eyelid resulting from an infection in a sebaceous gland

Front 15

periorbital edema

Back 15

is swelling surrounding the eye or eyes

Front 16

xerophthalmia

Back 16

aka dry eye, is drying of eye surfaces including the conjunctiva

Front 17

pterygium

Back 17

is a benign growth on the cornea that can become large enough to distort vision

Front 18

PERRLA

Back 18

Pupils are Equal, Round, Responsive to Light and Accommodation. this is a diagnostic observation, and any abnormality here could indicate a head injury or damage to the brain

Front 19

nystagmus

Back 19

is an involuntary, constant, rhythmic movement of the eyeball that can be congenital or caused by a neurological injury or drug use

Front 20

glaucoma

Back 20

is a group of diseases characterized by increased intraocular pressure that cause damage to the retinal nerve fibers and the optic nerve

Front 21

macular degeneration

Back 21

is a gradually progressive condition in which the macula at the center of the retina is damaged, resulting in the loss of central vision, but not in total blindness

Front 22

diplopia

Back 22

aka double vision, is the perception of two images of a single object

Front 23

nyctalopia

Back 23

aka night blindness, is a condition in which an individual with normal daytime vision has difficulty seeing at night

Front 24

strabismus

Back 24

is a disorder in which the eyes point in different directions or are not aligned correctly because the eye muscles are unable to focus together

Front 25

esotropia

Back 25

aka crosseyes, is strabismus characterized by an inward deviation of one or both eyes

Front 26

exotropia

Back 26

aka walleye, is strabismus characterized by the outward deviation of one eye relative to the other

Front 27

hyperopia

Back 27

aka farsightedness, is a defect in which light rays focus beyond the retina

Front 28

myopia

Back 28

aka nearsightedness, is a defect in which light rays focus in front of the retina

Front 29

scotoma

Back 29

aka blindspot, is an abnormal area of absent or depressed vision surrounded by an area of normal vision

Front 30

tarsorrhaphy

Back 30

is the partial, or complete, suturing together of the upper and lower eyelids

Front 31

retinopexy

Back 31

is used to reattach the detached area in a retinal detachment

Front 32

auditory ossicles

Back 32

are three small bones found in the middle ear

Front 33

oval window

Back 33

located under the stapes, is the membrane that separates the middle ear from the inner ear

Front 34

otitis externa

Back 34

is an inflammation of external auditory canal

Front 35

otopyorrhea

Back 35

is the flow of pus from the ear

Front 36

barotrauma

Back 36

is pressure-related ear discomfort that can be caused by pressure changes when flying, driving in the mountains, scuba diving, or when the eustachian tube is blocked

Front 37

vertigo

Back 37

is a sense of whirling, dizziness, and the loss of balance, that is often combined with nausea and vomiting

Front 38

meniere's syndrome

Back 38

is a rare chronic disease in which the amount of fluid in the inner ear increases intermittently, producing attacks of vertigo, a fluctuating hearing loss, and tinnitus

Front 39

tinnitus

Back 39

is a ringing, buzzing, or roaring sound in one or both ears

Front 40

presbycusis

Back 40

is a gradual loss of sensorineural hearing that occurs as the body ages

Front 41

tympanometry

Back 41

is the use of air pressure in the ear canal to test for disorders of the middle ear

Front 42

myringotomy

Back 42

is the surgical incision in the eardrum to create an opening for the placement of tympanostomy tubes

Front 43

cochlear implant

Back 43

is an implanted electronic device that can give a deaf person a useful auditory understanding of the enviroment and/or hearing and help them to understand speech

Front 44

heparin

Back 44

which is released in response to an injury, is an anticoagulant (prevents blood clotting)

Front 45

anhidrosis

Back 45

is the abnormal condition of lacking sweat in response to heat

Front 46

diaphoresis

Back 46

is profuse sweating

Front 47

folliculitis

Back 47

is an inflammation of the hair follicles

Front 48

hirsutism

Back 48

is the presence of excessive body and facial hair in women, usually occurring in a male pattern

Front 49

koilonychia

Back 49

aka spoon nail, is a malformation of the nails in which the outer surface is concave or scooped out like the bowl of a spoon

Front 50

vitiligo

Back 50

is a skin condition resulting from the destruction of the melanocytes due to unknown causes

Front 51

purpura

Back 51

is the appearance of multiple purple discolorations on the skin caused by bleeding underneath the skin

Front 52

macule

Back 52

aka macula, is a discolored, flat spot that is less than 1 cm in diameter. freckles or flat moles are examples

Front 53

wheal

Back 53

aka welt, is a small bump that itches

Front 54

fissure

Back 54

is a groove or crack-like break in the skin

Front 55

laceration

Back 55

is a torn or jagged wound, or an accidental cut wound

Front 56

strawberry hemangioma

Back 56

is a soft, raised, dark-reddish-purple birthmark

Front 57

ichthyosis

Back 57

is a group of hereditary disorders characterized by dry, thickened, and scaly skin

Front 58

psoriasis

Back 58

is a common skin disorder characterized by flare-ups in which red papules covered with silvery scales occur on the elbows, knees, scalp, back, or buttocks

Front 59

xeroderma

Back 59

aka xerosis, is excessively dry skin

Front 60

furuncles

Back 60

aka boils, are large, tender, swollen areas caused by a staphylococal infection around hair follicles or sebaceous glands

Front 61

gangrene

Back 61

which is tissue necrosis, is most commonly caused by a loss of circulation to the affected tissues

Front 62

pediculosis capitis

Back 62

is an infestation with head lice

Front 63

scabies

Back 63

is a skin infection caused by infestation with the itch mite, which causes small, itchy bumps and blisters due to tiny mites that burrow into the top layer of human skin to lay their eggs

Front 64

actinic keratosis

Back 64

is a precancerous skin growth that occurs on sun-damaged skin

Front 65

malignant melanoma

Back 65

aka melanoma, is a type of skin cancer that occurs in the melanocytes

Front 66

cryosurgery

Back 66

is the destruction or elimination of abnormal tissue cells, such as warts or tumors, through the application of extreme cold by using liquid nitrogen

Front 67

debridement

Back 67

is the removal of dirt, foreign objects, damaged tissue, and cellular debris from a wound to prevent infection and to promote healing

Front 68

botox

Back 68

is a formulation of botulinum toxin type A. temporarily block the nerve signals

Front 69

liposuction

Back 69

aka suction-assisted lipectomy, is the surgical removal of fat beneath the skin with the aid of suction

Front 70

rhytidectomy

Back 70

aka facelift, is the surgical removal of excess skin and fat around the face to eliminate wrinkles