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55 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Period after early childhood and before adolescence. age 7-11
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Middle childhood
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Having a BMI body mass of 25-29. Above the 85th percentile
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Overweight
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Having a BMI body mass of 30 or more. 95th percentile.
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Obesity
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People who inherit from both parents a particular allele of a gene called____ are much more likely to be obese than are other children
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FTO
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Better ventilation of schools and homes, decreased pollution, eradication of cockroaches and construction of many more outdoor play areas would make asthma less common by helping all children
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Primary prevention
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Reduces the occurrence of asthma among high-risk children. When asthma runs in the family and ridding the house of dust, pets, etc.
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Secondary prevention
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The prompt use of injections and inhalers, which markedly reduce acute wheezing and overnight hospitalizations.
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Tertiary prevention
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The ability to concentrate on some stimuli while ignoring others
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Selective attention
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Requires ongoing myelination and increased production of neurotransmitters
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Selective attention
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The repetition of a sequence of thoughts and actions until it becomes automatic, or routine
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Automatization
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Measuring developmental changes in brain functioning can be done via repeated brain scans.
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fMRI
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The potential to master a particular skill or to learn particular body of knowledge
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Aptitude
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Measuring learning in reading, math, writing, science, and other subjects.
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Achievement tests
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The rise in average IQ scores that has occurred over the decades in many nations
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Flynn Effect
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Intelligence Quotient
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IQ
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IQ above 130
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gifted and talented
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IQ below 70
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mental retardation
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The study of typical development to that of various disorders and vice versa
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developmental psychopathology
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What are the three of many categories of disorders that developmental psychopathologists study?
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Attention deficit
learning disabilities autistic spectrum disorders |
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What three problems do ADHD children have?
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Inattentive
Impulsive Overactive |
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The presence of two or more unrelated disease conditions at the same time in the same person
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Cormorbidity
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Unusual difficulty with reading; thougth to be the result of some neurological underdevelopment
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dyslexia
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A developmental disorder marked by an inability to relate to other people normally,
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autism
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Any of several disorders characterized by inadequate social skills, impaired communication, and abnormal play
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autistic spectrum disorder
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What are the three signs of an autistic spectrum disorder?
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delayed language
impaired social responses unusual play |
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a specific tyep of autistic spectrum disorder characterized by extreme attention to details and deficient social understanding
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Asperger syndrome
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a document that specifies educational goals and plans for a child with special needs
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Individual Education Plan
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A legal requirement that children with special needs be assigned to the most general educational context in which they can be expected to lear
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Least Restrictive Environment
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a room in which trained teachers help children with special needs using specialized curricula and equipment
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resource room
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An approach to education children with special needs in which they are including in regular classrooms with "appropriate aids and services," as required by law
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Inclusion
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The logical principle that certain characteristics of an object remain the same even if other characteristics change
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Identity
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The logical principle that a thing that has been changed can sometimes be returned to its original state by reversing the process by which it was changed
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Reversibility Piaget
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Who regarded instructions by others as crucial with peers and teachers providing the bridge between the child's developmental potential and necessary skills.
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Vygotsky
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Who believed that cultures teach people
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Vygotsky
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The knowledge of advanced math that is reflected in these street children's cognitive performance comes from what three sources
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Demands of the situation
Learning from other sellers Daily Experience |
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The view of cognition as comparable to the functioning of a computer and as best understood by analyzing each aspect of that functioning sensory data input, connections stored memories, and output.
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Information processing theory
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It stores incoming stimuli for a split second after they are received. Improves slightly until about age 10.(5-9 items)
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Sensory Memory
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capacity increases and sounds remembered. Conscious mental activity occurs
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Working Memory
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The component of the information-processing system in which virtually limitless amounts of information can be stored indefinitely.
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Long-term memory
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two keys to cognitive development in school-age children
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greater speed and greater knowledge
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Increases processing speed, frees up memory capacity, allows more information to be remembered, and advances thinking in every way
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automatization
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A body of knowledge in a particular area that makes it easier to master new information in the area
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knowledge base
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Mechanisms that combine memory, processing speed, and knowledge to regulate the analysis and flow of information within the information processing system.
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control processes (i before e)
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thinking about thinking
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metacognition
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A strategy in which instruction in all school subjects occurs in second (majority) language that a child is learning.
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total immersion
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Intends to increase accountability in education by requiring standardized tests to measure school achievement.
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No Child Left Behind ACt
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An ongoing and nationally representative measure of children achievement in reading, mathematics, and other subjects over time.
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National Assessment of Education Progress
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The unofficial, unstated, or implicit rules and priorities that influence the academic curriculum and every other aspect of learning in school
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hidden curriculum
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A planned five-year cycle of international trend studies in the reading ability of fourth-graders
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Progress in International Reading Literacy Study
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private classes that supplement public school
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juko
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teaching reading by first teaching the sounds of each letter and of various letter combination
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phonics approach
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teaching reading by encouraging early use of all language skills-taking and listening, reading and writing.
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whole-language approach
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A divide between those who see a need for greater emphasis on basic skills in math and others who say students lack a broaden conceptual understanding of the subject
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Math Wars
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comparing oneself with other people even when no one else explicitly makes the comparison
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social comparison
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the process whereby children are taught by their peers to avoid restrictions imposed by adults.
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deviancy training
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