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16 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Charlemagne
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(768-814 CE) King of the Franks and emperor (800-814) Established Carolingian Empire of Gaul and parts of Germany & Italy through conquests. Was illiterate and supported intellectual govt.
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medieval
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"Middle age". Term for Europe in ca. 500-1500. Intermediate point between Greco-Roman antiquity and the Renaissance.
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Byzantine Empire
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Name for eastern portion of Roman Empire from 4th onward. Taken from "Byzantion," early name for Constantinople, capital city of Byzantine. Fell to Ottomans in 1453.
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manor
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(Medieval Europe)Large, self-sufficient landholding. Consists of lord's residence (manor house), outbuildings, peasant village, and surraounding land.
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serf
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(Medieval Europe)Agricultural laborer legally bound to lord's prperty and has to perform set services for lord. In Russia, some worked as artisans in factories until 1861.
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fief
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(Medieval Europe) Land granted in return for a sworn oath to provide specified military service.
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vassal
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(Medieval Europe) sworn supporter of a king or lord committed to rendering specified military service to that king or lord.
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papacy
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Central administration of the Roman Catholic Church, of which the pope is the head.
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schism
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Formal split within a religioius community.
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Holy Roman Empire
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(962-1806) Loose federation of mostly German states and principalities, headed by an emperor elected by princes.
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investiture controversy
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Dispute between popes and Holy Roman Emperors over who held ultimate authority over bishops and imperial lands. Weakened government.
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monasticism
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Living in religious community apart from society and following rules of chastity, obedience, and poverty. Was prominent element of medieval Christianity/Buddhism. Monasteries were centers learning and literacy.
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Kievan Russia
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State established at Kiev in Ukraine (ca.879) by Scandinavian adventurers asserting authority over mostly Slavic farming population.
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horse collar
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Harnessing method increasing efficiency of horses. Shifts point of traction from animal's neck to shoulders. Use of this led to spread of horse-drawn plows and vehicles.
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Crusades
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(1096-1291) Armed pilgrimages to Holy Land by Christians attempting to recover Jerusalem from Muslim rule. Brought an end to western Europe's centuries of intellectual and cultural isolation.
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pilgrimage
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Journey to sacred shrine by Christians seeking to show piety, fulfill vows, or rid of sins. Muslim pilgrimage to Mecca, Chienese Buddhist pilgrimage to India, etc.
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