Chapter 10 General Pharmacology

Front 1

Pharmacology

Back 1

the science of drugs, including their ingredients, preparation, use and action on the body.

Front 2

dose

Back 2

the amount of the medication that is given

Front 3

action

Back 3

the therapeutic effect that a medication is expected to have on the body

Front 4

indications

Back 4

the reasons or conditions for which a particular medication is given

Front 5

contro-indication

Back 5

when you should not give a PT medication

Front 6

side effects

Back 6

any effect of the medication other than the desired one

Front 7

Medications' Name

Back 7

1. Generic name(its original given name [ex: ibuprofen])
2. Trade name (brand name [ex: tylenol])

Front 8

absorption

Back 8

the process by which medications travel through body tissues until they reach the bloodstream

Front 9

Intravenous Injection (IV)
(Routes of Administration, Immediate)

Back 9

into the vein (aspirin, oxygen, and charcoal cannot be given by IV)

Front 10

Oral or per os (PO)
(Routes of Administration, slow)

Back 10

taken by mouth and enters through the digestive system (make take up to 1 hour to take effect)

Front 11

Sublingual (SL)
(Routes of Administration, rapid)

Back 11

under the tongue (through the oral mucosa under the tongue)

Front 12

Intramuscular Injection (IM)
(Routes of Administration, moderate)

Back 12

into the muscle (may have uneven absorption, damage muscles, but they have lots of blood vessels so it's good as well)

Front 13

Intraosseous (IO)
(Routes of Administration, immediate)

Back 13

into the bone (most common in children who have fewer available or hard to find IV sites), requires drilling into the bone

Front 14

Subcutaneous Injection (SC)
(Routes of Administration, slow)

Back 14

beneath the skin, because there is less blood the absorption is much slower and the effect is longer as long as there is no irritation (ex: epinephrin, insulin)

Front 15

Transcutaneous
(Routes of Administration, slow)

Back 15

through the top of the skin (ex: nicotine patch)

Front 16

Inhalation
(Routes of Administration, rapid)

Back 16

inhaled through the lungs (ex: high-flow oxygen, albuterol inhaler)

Front 17

Per rectum (PR)
(Routes of Administration, rapid)

Back 17

through the rectum, used for patients with a gag reflex, cannot swallow pills or medication, or is unconscious

Front 18

solution

Back 18

a liquid mixture of one or more substances that cannot be separated by filtering or allowing the mixture to stand

Front 19

suspension

Back 19

a mixture where the particles settle to the bottom. (almost always must shake before administering)

Front 20

metered-dose inhaler (MDI)
(can be sometimes suspension)

Back 20

a miniature spray canister used to direct such substances through the mouth and into the lungs

Front 21

Topical Medication

Back 21

lotions (contain the most water), ointments (contain the least water), creams,

Front 22

Transdermal Medication

Back 22

absorption through the skin

Front 23

Gels

Back 23

semiliquid substance that is administered orally in capsules or tubes. (ex: oral glucose)

Front 24

Gases for Inhalation

Back 24

oxygen

Front 25

Adsorption

Back 25

to bind to or stick to a surface (ex: activated charcoal)

Front 26

Activated Charcoal

Back 26

a suspension that is sometimes used for a PT who has taken a medication overdose or swallowed poison. usually mixed with sorbitol (a complex sugar)

Front 27

hypoglycemia

Back 27

extremely low blood sugar level