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20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Muscular system |
Divided into two division: axial muscle, Appendicular muscle |
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Tendons |
Conduct the forces of contraction to perform specific tasks |
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Fascicle organization |
Parallel muscle: fascicles run parallel, all body look parallel Example: biceps branchii |
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Convergent muscle |
When the fascicles extending over broad area converge on common attachment site. Example: pectoralis major |
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Versatile action |
Different portion can contract to pull different directions; the entire muscle can contract |
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Pennate muscle |
Fascicles form common angle with tendon Fibers pull at an angle: tendons not moved as far as with parallel fascicles contraction Contain more fibers and myofibril than the parallel muscle of same size: produces more tension |
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Pennate muscle has three types |
Unipennate: Bipennate Multipennate |
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Unipennate means |
All fibers is on the one side of tendon Example: extensor digitorum |
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Bipennate means |
Fibers insert on both sides of tendon Example: rectus femoris |
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Multipennate mean |
Tendon branches within pennate muscle Example: deltoid |
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Circular muscle or sphincter |
Fascicles arranged in concentric circles Encircles a duct, tube, or opening Contraction constricts, or decreases the diameter of the opening Example orbicularis oris |
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Origin |
Where fixed end of a skeletal muscle attaches Most are bone Typically proximal to insertion in anatomical position. |
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Insertion |
Where the movable end of a skeletal muscle attaches |
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Action |
Specific movement of a skeletal muscle |
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The muscles that working together in groups are |
Agonist or prime mover Synargist Antagonist |
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Agonist or prime mover |
Muscle whose contraction is chiefly responsible for producing particular movement Example bicepts branchii for elbow flexion |
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Synergist |
Muscle that help larger agonist work efficiently May provide additional pull or stabilize origin Example branchioradialis for elbow flexion |
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Antagonist |
Muscle whose action opposes particular agonist Example triceps branchii for elbow flexion. |
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Axial muscles |
Arise on axial skeleton Encompass 60% of skeletal muscles in body Position head and spinal column Move rib cage, assist in breathing |
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Apendicular muscles |
Remaining 40% of all skeletal muscles Stabilize or move appendicular skeleton |
