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22 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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psychometrics
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the use of psychological tests to measure the mind and mental processes
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factor analysis
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a statistical procedure that groups together related items on tests by analyzing the correlations among test scores
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g (general intelligence)
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according to Spearman, a specific factor, derived from factor analysis, that underlies or contributes to performance on a variety of mental tests
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s (specific intelligence)
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according to Spearman, a specific factor, derived from factor analysis, that is unique to a particular kind of test
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fluid intelligence
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the natural ability to solve problems, reason, and remember; fluid intelligence is thought to be relatively uninfluenced by experience
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crystallized intelligence
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the knowledge and abilities acquires as a result of experience (as from schooling and cultural influences)
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multiple intelligences
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the notion proposed by Howard Gardner that people possess a set of separate and independent "intelligences" ranging from musical to linguistic to interpersonal ability
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triarchic theory
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Robert Sternberg's theory of intelligence; it proposes three types of intelligence: analytic, creative, and practical
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achievement tests
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psychological tests that measure your current level of knowledge or competence in a particular subject
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aptitude tests
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psychological tests that measure your ability to learn or acquire knowledge in a particular subject
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reliability
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a measure of the consistency of test results; reliable tests produce similar scores or indices from one administration to the next
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validity
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an assessment of how well a test measures what it is supposed to measure. content validity assesses the degree to which the test samples broadly across the domain of the interest; predictive validity assesses how well the test predicts some future criterion; construct validity assess how well the test taps into a particular theoretical construct
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standardization
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keeping the testing, scoring, and interpretation procedures similar across all administration of a test
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mental age
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the chronological age that best fits a child's level of performance on a test of mental ability
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intelligence quotient (IQ)
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mental age divided by chronological age and then multiplied by 100
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deviation IQ
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an intelligence score that is derived from determining where your performance sits in an age-based distribution of test scores
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mental retardation
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a label generally assigned to someone who scores below 70 on a standard IQ test, although other factors, such as one's ability to adapt to the environment, are also important
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gifted
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a label generally assigned to someone who scores above 130 on a standard IQ test
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creativity
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the ability to generate ideas that are orginal, novel, and useful
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emotional intelligence
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the ability to perceive, understand, and express emotion in ways that are useful and adaptive
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tactic knowledge
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unspoken practical knowledge about how to perform well on the job
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heritability
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a mathematical index that represents the extent to which IQ differences in a particular population can be accounted for by genetic factors
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