Reading...
Play button
Play button
Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
20 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
cleavage
|
series of rapid mitotic divisions; lead to an increase in cell number without a corresponding growth in cell protoplasm; increasing ratio of nuclear-to-cytoplasmic material; increases surface-to-volume ratio of each cell & improves gas and nutriet exchange
|
|
|
first complete cleavage of the zygote occurs how many hours after fertilization
|
32
|
|
|
morula
|
solid ball of embryonic cells
|
|
|
blastulation
|
begins when morula develops a fluid-filled cavity
|
|
|
blastocoel
|
fluid filled cavity
|
|
|
blastula
|
hollow sphere of cells
|
|
|
gastrula
|
once implanted in the uterus, cell migrations turn single-cell layer of blastula into 3 layered structure
|
|
|
ectoderm
|
integument (epidermis, hair, nails, epithelium of nose, mouth & anal canal), lens of eye, retina, and nervous system
|
|
|
endoderm
|
epithelial linings of digestive and respiratory tracts (including lungs) and parts of liver, pancreas, thyroid, and bladder lining
|
|
|
mesoderm
|
musculoskeletal system, circulatory system, excretory system, gonads, connective tissue, portions of digestive & reproductive organs
|
|
|
neurulation
|
by the end of gastrulation, regions of the germ layers begin to develop into rudimentary nervous system
|
|
|
notochord
|
rod of mesodermal cells
|
|
|
neural tube
|
gives rise to brain and spinal cord (CNS)
|
|
|
organogenesis
|
body organs begin to form; cells interact, differentiate, change physical shape, proliferate, and migrate
|
|
|
growth
|
organs increase in size, continual process from infancy to childhood, to adulthoo
|
|
|
gametogenesis
|
eggs develop in women and sperm develop in men, which results in the possibility of reproduction occuring
|
|
|
chorion
|
chorion lines the inside of the shell; moist membrane that permits gas exchange
|
|
|
allantois
|
sac-like structure is involved in respiration and excretion and contains numerous blood vessels to transport O2, CO2, water, salt & nitrogenous wastes
|
|
|
amnion
|
encloses amniotic fluid which provides an aqueous environment that protects the developing embryo from shock
|
|
|
yolk sac
|
encloses the yolk; blood vessels in the yolk sac transfer food to developing embryo
|
