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17 Cards in this Set
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A socially constructed concept defining certain behaviours as requiring formal control and social intervention |
Crime |
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A serious offence such as assault, theft over $5000, robbery (without a firearm), or murder |
Indictable Offence |
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A less serious offence, such as theft under $5000, impersonating a police officer, or taking a motor vehicle without consent |
Summary Offence |
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Illegal activity committed by individuals or small groups, involving some degree of direct or indirect contact, e.g. robbery, vehicle theft, and break-and-enter |
Conventional Crime |
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Illegal activity that may not be associated with crime and that may not be pursued by the criminal justice system, e.g. organized crime, political crime, and cybercrime |
Non-Conventional Crime |
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Behaviour that violates a social norm but is not necessarily prohibited by law, e.g. butting in line at a supermarket or cutting off another driver |
Deviance |
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The reduction or removal of criminal penalties attached to an act but without legalizing it |
Decriminalization |
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When applied to crime, the idea that what is defined as crime can vary with time and location |
Relative |
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When applied to crime, the idea that the characteristics of crime can change, taking different forms over time |
Evolutive |
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Activities that are generally considered very harmful; therefore there is strong support for sanctioning and controlling them |
Consensus Crime |
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Activities that are not universally considered crimes, although they are legally defined as such, e.g. possessing non-medical marijuana, procuring the services of a prostitute |
Conflict Crimes |
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An interdisciplinary science that studies criminal behaviour, crime causation, crime prevention, and the punishment and rehabilitation of offenders |
Criminology |
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A behavioural scientist who specializes in the identification, classification, and description of criminal behaviour |
Criminologist |
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In criminology, the integration of knowledge from a variety of disciplines to formulate theories of criminal behaviour |
Interdisciplinary Approach |
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The study of the origins or causes of a phenomenon |
Etiology |
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The study of how crime is punished |
Penology |
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The number of criminal offences in a category, recorded in a ratio, such as per 100,000 people |
Crime Rate |
