Chapter 1 Review Bio 101

Front 1

Adaptation

Back 1

Organism's modification in structure, function, or behavior suitable to the environment

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Animal

Back 2

Multicellular, heterotrophic organism belonging to the kingdom Animalia.

Front 3

Binomial Nomenclature

Back 3

Scientific name of an organism, the first part of which designates the genus and the second part of which designates he specific epithet.

Front 4

Biodiversity

Back 4

Total number of species, the variabilitly of their genes, and the communities in which they live.

Front 5

Biology

Back 5

Scientific study of life

Front 6

Cell

Back 6

Smallest unit that displays the properties of life; composed of cytoplasm surrounded by a plasma membrane.

Front 7

Class

Back 7

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; class is the taxon above the order level.

Front 8

Community

Back 8

Assemblage of populations interacting with one another within the same environment.

Front 9

Conclusion

Back 9

Statement made following an experiment as to whether or not the results support the hypothesis.

Front 10

Control

Back 10

Sample that goes through all the stops of an experiment but does not contain the variable being tested; a standard against which the results of an experiment are checked.

Front 11

data

Back 11

Facts or information collected through observation and or experiment

Front 12

deductive reasoning

Back 12

Process of logic and reasoning, using "if...then" statements.

Front 13

domain

Back 13

Largest of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.

Front 14

domain Archaea

Back 14

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes referred to as archaea.

Front 15

domain Bacteria

Back 15

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that deffer from archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics.

Front 16

domain Eukarya

Back 16

One of the three domains of life; consisting of organisms with eukaryotic cells and further classified into the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Front 17

ecosystem

Back 17

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients.

Front 18

emergent property

Back 18

Quality that appears as biological complexity increases

Front 19

energy

Back 19

Capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms.

Front 20

evolution

Back 20

Descent of organisms form common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make the more suited to the environment.

Front 21

data

Back 21

Facts or information collected through observation and or experiment

Front 22

deductive reasoning

Back 22

Process of logic and reasoning, using "if...then" statements.

Front 23

domain

Back 23

Largest of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the three domains are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.

Front 24

domain Archaea

Back 24

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that often live in extreme habitats and have unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics; its members are sometimes referred to as archaea.

Front 25

domain Bacteria

Back 25

One of the three domains of life; contains prokaryotic cells that deffer from archaea because they have their own unique genetic, biochemical, and physiological characteristics.

Front 26

domain Eukarya

Back 26

One of the three domains of life; consisting of organisms with eukaryotic cells and further classified into the kingdoms Protista, Fungi, Plantae, and Animalia.

Front 27

ecosystem

Back 27

Biological community together with the associated abiotic environment; characterized by a flow of energy and a cycling of inorganic nutrients.

Front 28

emergent property

Back 28

Quality that appears as biological complexity increases

Front 29

energy

Back 29

Capacity to do work and bring about change; occurs in a variety of forms.

Front 30

evolution

Back 30

Descent of organisms form common ancestors with the development of genetic and phenotypic changes over time that make the more suited to the environment.

Front 31

experiment

Back 31

Artificial situation devised to test a hypothesis

Front 32

experimental design

Back 32

Methodology by which an experiment will seek to support the hypothesis.

Front 33

experimental variable

Back 33

Factor of the experiment being tested.

Front 34

extinction

Back 34

Total disappearance of a species or higher group.

Front 35

family

Back 35

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon about the genus level.

Front 36

fungus

Back 36

Saprotrophic decomposer; the body is made up of filaments called hyphae that form a mass called mycelium

Front 37

gene

Back 37

Unit of heredity existing as alleles on the chromosomes; in dipoid organisms, typically two alleles are inherited--one from each parent.

Front 38

genus

Back 38

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; contains those species that are most closely related through evolution.

Front 39

homeostasis

Back 39

Maintenance of normal internal conditions in a cell or an organism by means of self-regulating mechanisms.

Front 40

hypothesis

Back 40

Supposition established by reasoning after consideration of available evidence; it can be tested by obtaining more data, often by experimentation.

Front 41

inductive reasoning

Back 41

Using specific observations and the process of logic and reasoning to arrive at a hypothesis.

Front 42

kingdom

Back 42

One of the categories, or taxa, used by taxonomists to group species; the taxon above phylum.

Front 43

law

Back 43

theory that is generallly accepted by an overwhelming number of scientists.

Front 44

metabolism

Back 44

All of the chemical reactions that occur in a cell during growth and repair.

Front 45

model

Back 45

Simulation of a precess that aids conceptual understanding until the process can be3 studied firsthand; a hypothesis that describes how a particular process could possibly be carried out.

Front 46

multicellular

Back 46

Organism composed of many cells; usually has organized tissues, organs, and organ systems.

Front 47

natural selection

Back 47

Mechanism of evolution caused by environmental selection of organisms most fit to reproduce; results in adaptation to the environment.

Front 48

observation

Back 48

Step in the scientific method by which data are collected before a conclusion is drawn.

Front 49

order

Back 49

On of the categories, or taxa, taxonomists to group species; the taxon about the family level.

Front 50

organism

Back 50

Individual living thing.