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51 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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scholastics
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group of western europeans who questioned the validy of Christian teachings
applied reason to theological questions |
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What was the pre rennaisnace economy based upon? post?
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bartering
banking credit |
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Rennaisance
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rebirth of classical (1330- 1490) ideas
bright post black death (1347-1350) and post 100 years war (1337-1485) peak of technology flourishing arts |
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What made sure that no Italian city state became too strong?
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the regular making and breaking of alliances
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Rennaisance ended in the South in ________ with ________
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1527 sacking of Rome Charlse V
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Rennaisance ended in the North with ________'s death in _______
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Elizabeth I's
1603 |
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Humanism
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early Rennaisance
Scholars took ideas from Pluto and other ancient scholars and combined them with theology Petrach |
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What group did Italian humanism appeal to in particular? why?
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lay people, for it focused on idividuality,humanity
uniqueness, fullest development of capabillities. quest for glory, signed art |
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What did individualism stress?
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uniqueness, fullest development of capabillities. quest for glory, signed art
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The Rennaisance was not antireligious, but ________
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secular
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Petrarch
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("father of rennaisance") was the founder
and used Cicero as a guide to understand meaning of life |
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high culture (art) affected onley the
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wealthy (popollo grasso)
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_______growth was the basis for the Rennaisace
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economic
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most of the fighting betweent the city states was performed by
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Condottierri, or mercenaries
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New politics were more secular and focused on the role of __________ and not the ___________
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individual and not the group
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The Rennaisance started in (place)
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Florence
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studia humanitatis
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new cirriculum that focused on Latin grammar rhetoric, and metaphysics
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Who were the Medici?
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a wealthy family that patronized art. populo grasso (as opposed to popolo minuto
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Although the Renaissance was not religious, it was not secular. What was the main role of the church in the Renaissance?
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The Church was a leading patron of the arts, and much Renaissance artwork copied religious themes
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Which city-states dominated northern Italy?
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Venice and Milan
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Which city-state controlled Tuscany?
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Florence
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Who controlled central Italy?
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The Papal State
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Who controlled Southern Italy?
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The Kingdom of Naples
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Who was Machiavelli's hero and son of Alexander VI, who tried to unite the penninsula?
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Cesare Borgia
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The Renaissance started in ________ that was ruled by an __________
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Florence, oligarchy
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Did the popolo minuto class enjoy their position? Elaborate.
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They hated their position and used force to take over the cities, but could not retain power and were replaced by oligarchies like the Borgias or the Medicis
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Who were the 2 great European superpowers in this time? Where was their battlefield?
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France and Spain
Italy |
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Ludovico Sforza
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the duke of Milan, was from a wealthy family like Medici's
patronized art invited the French King Charlse VIII to participate in Italian politics, |
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What did Charles VIII do when Ludovico Sforza invited him to participate in Italian politics?
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He marched with an army of 30,000 men and occupied the kingdom of Naples.
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What did other Italian states do in response to Charles' invasion of Naples?
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They asked Ferdinand and Isabella for protection. This resulted in fighting that was part of the Habsburg Valois Wars
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What were the Habsburg-Valois wars?
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result of Spain's protection of Italy from France.
Tore Western Europe apart and did not end until 1559 |
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What did Savoranola de Florence fight?
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Paganism vice, and undemocratic government of Lorenzo de Medici, and the corruption of the Pope
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What was the result of Savoranola de Florence's speaking agains the corruption of the pope and Lorenzo Medici?
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Gained support initially, but later burned (1498). people did not support his ideas of the commercially elite and the Medici returned to power
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In _____(year) the Medici family was expelled from ________(place)
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1494, Florence
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In _____(year) the ______ defeated the French, and Machiavelli was exiled, and wrote the prince while in exile
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1512, Spanish French
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Machiavelli said that the _____ was more important than the ____________
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group, individual
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Were any humanists religious? if so, what were their views on the classics?
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Yes, many were deeply religious, and viewed the classics in a new light, moving away from theological debates and scholasticism
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Religious humanists sought a peace between _______ and ________
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paganism and Christianity
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Concerned with the _______ world, and not the _______ world, Papal interests encouraged worldliness
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material, eternal
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Perhaps the greatest consequence of the Rennaissance happened in 1517 when in Germany
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a little known monk posted 95 theses on a church door
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What effect did the Renaissance have on corrupt leaders of the church?
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Scholars shed light on them, and stressed that the individual could achieve happiness on earth
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The church could not and did not respond to attacks upon its credibility, and it was clear that Luther had "
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hatche the egg that Erasmus had laid"
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Dante said that "reason...
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could only take people so far, God's grace must be used
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Petrarch
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Father of Humanism, Father of Renaissance
Read Cicero and St. Augustine, but was critical of ancient writers |
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Baldassare Castiglione
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Wrote The Book of the Courtier (1518) rulse on the correct behavior of a man to create a "l'uomo universale"
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Lorenzo Valla
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applied linguistic and historical analysis to documents.
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Lorenzo Valla wrote On Pleasure, which defended pleasure, and wrote On the False Donation of Constantine which _______ (to the pope
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which weakened the popes authority
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On Pleasure, by Lorenzo Valla, said that it was better to seek ________ and ______ than ________ and ________
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happiness and pleasure than pain and suffering.
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Giovanni Bocccaccio
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wrote The Decameron- a series of tales that explain human nautre and character
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Leonardo Bruni
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wrote History of the Florentine People, which was modeled after the classic author Livy
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Leonardo Bruni claimed that all events aer the result of ______, not _______, action
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human, divine
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