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36 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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Psychology |
The scientific study of mind and behavior |
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Structuralism |
Analyzes mind by breaking it down into its basic components |
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Functionalism |
Studies how mental abilities allow people to adapt to their environments |
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Plato |
Who believed that certain knowledge is innate? |
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Aristotle |
Who believed that mind is a blank slate on which experiences are written? |
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Wilhelm Wundt |
First person to teach psychology as a class; focused on study of consciousness |
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Rene Descartes |
French philosopher who argued for dualism between mind and body |
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Thomas Hobbes |
Argued that mind and body are the same thing |
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Paul Broca |
Scientist who studied brain damage |
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Herman von Helmholtz |
Scientist who studied human reaction time and found estimated length of nerve impulses |
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Carl Jung |
Psychologist who studied analytic psychology and focused on the idea/function of the unconscious |
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Alfred Adler |
Psychologist who founded individual psychology, which emphasizes the role of individual & societal factors in shaping personality |
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Abraham Maslow & Carl Rogers |
Who pioneered new movement in humanistic psychology? |
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John Watson |
Psychologist, influenced by Pavlov, whose goal was to predict and control behavior throught the study of observable behavior |
Little Albert Experiment |
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Margaret Washburn |
Psychologist who studied bahavior in different species and developed the theory of consciousness |
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Ivan Pavlov |
Psychologist who developed the theory of classical conditioning |
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B.F. Skinner |
Psychologist who founded operant conditioning |
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Max Wertheimer |
Psychologist who studied illusions and founded induced motion phenomena |
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Philosophical Empiricism |
The view that all knowledge is acquired through experience |
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Nativism |
The view that certain kinds of knowledge are innate or inborn |
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William James |
Founder of psychology |
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Unconscious |
Part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness but influences conscious thoughts, feelings, and actions |
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Introspection |
Method of psychology that asks people to report on the contents of their subjective experiences |
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Humanistic psychology |
Approach to understanding human nature that emphasizes the positive potential of human beings |
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Behaviorism |
Approach that advocates that psychologists restrict themselves to the scientific study of objectively observable behavior |
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Reinforcement |
The idea that the consequences of a behavior determine whether it will be more or less likely to occur again |
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Illusions |
Errors of perception, memory, or judgment in which subjective experience differs from objective reality |
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Gestalt psychology |
Psychological approach that emphasizes that we often percieve the whole rather than the sum of the parts |
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Cognitive psychology |
Study of mental processes, including perception, thought, memory, and reasoning |
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Noam Chomsky |
Psychologist who studied language |
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Kurt Lewin |
Psychologist who studied subject interpretation |
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Behavioral neuroscience |
Links psychological processes to activities in the nervous system and other bodily processes |
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Cognitive neuroscience |
Field of study that attempts to understand the links between cognitive processes and brain activity |
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Evolutionary psychology |
Explains mind and behavior in terms of the adaptive value of abilities that are preserved over time by natural selection |
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Social psychology |
Study of causes and consequences of society |
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Cultural psychology |
Study of how cultures reflect and shape the psychological processes of their membranes |
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