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89 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Product
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A substance formed as the result of a chemical reaction
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Chemical reaction
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A process in which the identity and composition of one ore more substances are changed.
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What is the difference between a pure substance and a mixture?
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*A pure substance is uniform in its chemical composition and its properties all the way down to the microscopic level.
*The components of a mixture can be separated without changing their chemical identities |
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What are the two classifications for pure substances?
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*Those that can undergo a chemical breakdown to yeield simpler susbances
*Those that cannot |
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How is a compound formed?
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By combining two or emore elements to make a new substance.
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When writing a chemical change how is it written?
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*The reactant is written on the left.
*The product is written on the right. *An arrow connects the two parts to indicate chemical change, or chemical reaction. |
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Al
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Aluminum
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Ar
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Argon
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Ba
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Barium
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Bi
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Bismuth
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B
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Boron
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Br
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Bromine
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Ca
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Calcium
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C
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Carbon
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Cl
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Chlorine
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Co
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Cobalt
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F
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Fluorine
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He
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Helium
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H
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Hydrogen
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I
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Iodine
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Li
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Lithium
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Mg
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Magnesium
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Mn
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Manganese
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Ni
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Nickel
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N
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Nitrogen
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O
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Oxygen
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P
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Phosphorus
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Pt
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Platinum
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Rn
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Radon
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Si
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Silicon
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S
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Sulfur
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Ti
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Titanium
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Zn
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Zinc
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Cu
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Copper (cuprum)
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Au
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Gold (aurum)
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Fe
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Iron (ferrum)
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Pb
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Lead (plumbum)
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Hg
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Mercury (hydragyrum)
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K
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Potassium (kalium)
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Ag
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Silver (argentum)
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Na
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Sodium (natrium)
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Sn
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Tin (stannum)
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Chemical formula
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A notation for a chemical compound using element symbols and subscripts to show how many atoms of each element are present
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How many chemical elements are there?
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114
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How is a two letter symbol written?
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*First letter is capitalized *Second letter always lowercase.
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How many elements occur naturally?
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Only 90 occur naturally; the remaindar have been produced artificially by chemists and physicists.
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Just as elements combine to form chemcial compounds, symbols are combined to produce________
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chemical formulas
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When no subscript is given for an element what is it understood to be?
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1
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What does the subscript show?
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Number of atoms
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Periodic table
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A tabular format listing all known elements
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Elements can be roughly divided into three groups they are?
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metals, nonmetals, and metalloids (sometimes called semimetals)
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Metal
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A malleable element with a lustrous appearance that is a good conductor of heat and electricity
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Nonmetal
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An element that is a poor conductor of heat and electricity
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How many of the known elements are metal?
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90-aluminum, gold, copper and zinc, for example
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At room temperature what form does a metal have?
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solid (except for mercury)
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On what side of the periodic table will you find metals located?
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left
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How many elements are nonmetal?
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Seventeen
*eleven are gases at room temp. *five are brittle solids *one is a liquid |
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On what side of the periodic table will you find the nonmetals?
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right
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Where on the periodic table will you find the metalloids?
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In a zigzag band between metals and nonmetals.
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Metalloid
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An element whose properties are intermediate between those of a metal and a nonmetal.
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How many metals are metalloids?
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Seven:Bi=Boron, Si=Silicon, Ge=Germanium, As=arsenic, Sb=Antimony, Te=Tellurium, At=Astatine
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Carbon C
Hydrogen H Oxygen O Nitrogen |
These foure elements are present in all living organisms
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Arsenic As
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May affect cell growth and heart function
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Boron B
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Aids in the use of Ca, P, and Mg
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Calcium Ca
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Necessary for growth of teeth and bones
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Chlorine Cl
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Necessary for maintaining sald balance in body fluids.
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Chromium Cr
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Aids in carbohydrate metabolism
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Cobalt Co
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Component of vitamin B-12
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Copper Cu
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Necessary to maintain blood chemistry
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Fluorine F
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Aids in the development of teeth and bones
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Iodine I
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Necessaryfor thyroid function
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Iron Fe
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Necessary for oxygen-carrying ability of blood
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Magnesium Mg
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Necessary for bones, teeth, and muscle and nerve action
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Manganese Mn
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Necessary for cabohydrate metabolism and bone formation
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Molybdenum Mo
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Component of enzymes necessary for metabolism
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Nickel Ni
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Aids in the use of Fe and Ca
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Phosphorus P
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Necesssary for growth of bones and teeth; present in DNA/RNA
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Potassium K
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Component of body fluids; necessary for nerve action
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Selenium Se
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Aids vitamin E action and fat metabolism
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Silicon Si
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Helps form connective tissue and bone
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Sodium Na
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Component of body fluids; necessary for nerve and muscle action
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Sulfur S
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Component of proteins; necessary for blood clotting
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Zinc Zn
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Necessary for growth, healing, and overall health
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What is matter?
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Anything that has mass and occupies volume-that is anything you can see, feel, or touch etc.
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What kinds of properties does matter have?
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*physical property
*chemical property |
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Physical change
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A change that does not affect the chemical makeup of a substance or object
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Chemical change
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A change in the chemical makeup of a substance
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How are chemical elements represented?
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By one or two letter symbols
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Property
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A characteristic useful for identifying a substance or object. (size, color, temp, etc.)
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