Chapter 1 Kinesiology

Front 1

line of force

Back 1

direction of a muscle force (usually towards center of earth)

Front 2

line of gravity

Back 2

direction of gravity (always center of earth)

Front 3

Angle of insertion

Back 3

angle formed between a tendon of a muscle and the long axis of the bones to which it inserts

Front 4

Center of Mass

Back 4

point that gravity acts on "balance point"
-Dot indicating the balance point of the segment

Front 5

Static Linear Equilibrium

Back 5

opposing forces are equal and no motion is occurring

Front 6

Rotational Force

Back 6

in contrast to translation, describes a motion in which an assumed rigid body moves in a circular path around some pivot point.

Front 7

Translational Force

Back 7

describes a linear motion in which all parts of a rigid body move parallel to and in the same direction as every other part of the body . Ex: a point on the head moves in a general curvilinear manner.

Front 8

Movements in Sagittal plane

Back 8

flexion and extension

Front 9

Movements in frontal plane

Back 9

adduction and abduction
lateral flexion

Front 10

Horizontal Plane

Back 10

internal (medial) and external (lateral) rotation. Axial rotation

Front 11

Axis of Rotation

Back 11

Bones rotate around a joint that is perpendicular to an axis of rotation. The axis is typically located in the convex member of the joint. The should allows movement in 3 planes so it has 3 axis of rotations.

Front 12

Torque

Back 12

Can be considered a rotary equivalent to a force. Torque= force x moment arm. torque rotates an object around an axis of raotation. Torque is the tendency of a force to rotate the body to which it is applied.Torque is always specified with regard to the axis of rotation. It is equal to the magnitude of the component of the force lying in the plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation, multiplied by the shortest distance between the axis and the direction of the force component. Torque is the force that affects rotational motion; the greater the torque, the greater the change in this motion.

Whereas,force is the agency that alters the direction, speed, or shape that a body would exhibit in the absence of any external influence.It is a vector quantity, having both magnitude and direction. Force is commonly explained in terms of Newton's laws of motion. All known natural forces can be traced to the fundamental interactions. Force is measured in newtons (N).