Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
32 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
Trees: |
-woody -long lived - compartmentalization - perrenials |
|
|
cell division occurs in : |
Meristems |
|
|
Cell differntiation |
- ofllows cell division - changes cell structure for specfic funtions |
|
|
Tissues |
- cells w/ similar structure and function ( eg bark , wood, _-> organized into organs |
|
|
5 organs: |
- leaves - stems - roots - flowers - fruit |
|
|
2 basic types of meristems |
- primary (apical meristems)-- elongation of roots and shoots ( primary growth) - secondary ( lateral meristems) - increase DIA ( secondary growth) |
|
|
palms lack.. |
secondary growth |
|
|
- apical meristem |
located at the end of roots and shoots (roots - protected by root cap) shoots- ( located in buds) - |
|
|
Lateral meristems (2) |
- Cambium - cork cambium |
|
|
cambium: |
thin sheath of dividing cells producing xylem and phloem |
|
|
cork cambium |
produces periderm ( bark) |
|
|
cellulose |
structural component of primary cell wall |
|
|
lignin |
provides strength and ridging in cell |
|
|
xylem |
- complex tissure comprised of living and dead tissues (living, SYMPLASM,) ( dead, APOPLASM) |
|
|
4 primary functions of xylem |
- conductiong of water adn minerals - structure support - storage (carbohydrates) - defense against disease and decay |
|
|
Gymnosperm xylem |
-tracheids - fibers - parenchyma |
|
|
tracheids |
conduct water, strenth ( dead) - |
|
|
fibers |
- mechanical strength |
|
|
parenchyma |
- storage, structure support, defence ( living) |
|
|
angiosperms xylem |
vessles - tracheids - fibers - parenchyma |
|
|
vessels |
- primary conduction elements, efficeient ( dead) |
|
|
ring porus |
- wide vessels formed in earlywood ( ulnus , Quercus, Fraxinus) - narrow vessels in latewood |
|
|
Diffuse Porous |
Velssels of uniform size producded thorughout growing season (Acer, Populus, Plantanus) |
|
|
Conifers are porous or non porous? |
Non porous due to lack of vessels |
|
|
Sapwood : |
- xylem that conducts water - contain high abundance of palenchyma cells |
|
|
Heartwood: |
- non conduction water - sometimes darker in colour |
|
|
Phloem |
- Transport carbs from leaves throughout tree for storage or consuption -( occurs along pressure gradient) - comprised of living cells (GYmno, angio) - old phloem crushed and restoredinto tree and bark |
|
|
Gymnosperm: |
through sieve cellsq |
|
|
angiosperm: ( this is related to phloem) |
sieve tubes and companion cells |
|
|
rays: |
- radial transport cells - consists of parenchyma cells - transport and storage of crbohydrates into sapwood - restrict decay |
|
|
Bark: |
- outer covering of tree - protective tissue - ) moderate temp, defence from injury, reproduction of h2p loss - composed of non functional phloem and corky tissues - wax and iols in cell walls |
|
|
ghbdg |
sdfgdf |
