Chapter 1 Information Science

Front 1

Computer Literacy

Back 1

Having a current knowledge and understanding of computers and their uses.

Front 2

Computer

Back 2

Electronic device used to store memory, accept data, process data, and send info.

Front 3

Data

Back 3

Uncompressed items including numbers, text, images, etc.

Front 4

Information

Back 4

Conveys meaning

Front 5

Information Processing Cycle

Back 5

Series of input, output, process, and storage activities

Front 6

Hardware

Back 6

Electric, electronic, and machine parts in a comp.

Front 7

Input Device

Back 7

Hardware component that lets you enter data and info.

Front 8

Output Device

Back 8

Conveys info. to other people

Front 9

CPU

Back 9

Central Processing Unit- electric component that carries out basic functions

Front 10

Memory

Back 10

Electronic components that store info. and data for future events

Front 11

Storage/Storage Device

Back 11

Records items from storage media.

Front 12

Communications Device

Back 12

Allows comps. to receive from and send to other comps.

Front 13

Network

Back 13

A collection of comps. and devices connected together usually wirelessly by comm. devices and transmission media.

Front 14

Resources

Back 14

Hardware software, data, and info. that can be shared between comps.

Front 15

Internet

Back 15

Worldwide connection of networks that connects millions of businesses, govt. agencies, edu. institutes, and individuals.

Front 16

Web or WWW

Back 16

World Wide Web- a popular service that contains billions of documents a.k.a. Web pages.

Front 17

Web Page

Back 17

Pages on the Web that contain text, graphics, more Web pages, or Web sites.

Front 18

Web 2.0

Back 18

Web sites that provide a means for users to share personal info., allow people to modify sites and their contents, and/or have software built into the site for users to access.

Front 19

GUI

Back 19

Graphical User Interface- allows you to interact with software via text, graphics, and visual imaging like icons.

Front 20

Icon

Back 20

Miniature image that represents a program, an instruction, or some other object.

Front 21

System Software

Back 21

Consists of the programs that control or maintain the ops. of the comp. and its devices.

Front 22

Application Software

Back 22

Consists of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with a particular task.

Front 23

Operating System

Back 23

A set of programs designed to make users more productive and/or assist them with a particular task.

Front 24

Utility/Utility Program

Back 24

Allows a user to perform maintenance tasks related to managing a comp., its devices, or its programs.

Front 25

Installing

Back 25

The process of setting up software to work with the comp., printer, and other hardware

Front 26

Loading

Back 26

When a program is copied from storage to memory in order to execute the particular program.

Front 27

Programmer

Back 27

Developer- someone who develops software or writes the instructions that directs the comp. to process data into info.

Front 28

Loading

Back 28

When a program is copied from storage to memory in order to execute the particular program.

Front 29

Programmer a.k.a. Developer

Back 29

Someone who develops software or writes the instructions that direct the computer to process data into info.

Front 30

Convergence

Back 30

the trend of computers and devices with technologies that overlap.

Front 31

Personal Computers

Back 31

Computers that can perform all of it's input, processing, output, and storage activities by itself. Contains a comm. device, processor memory, and one or more input, output, and storage device.

Front 32

Desktop Computers

Back 32

Designed so that the system unit, input and output devices, etc. can fit on a desk or table.

Front 33

Mobile Computer

Back 33

A personal computer you can carry from place to place

Front 34

Notebook/laptop computer

Back 34

A portable, personal comp. often designed to fit on your lap and is thin and lightweight.

Front 35

Tablet PC

Back 35

Special type of notebook comp. that allows you to write or draw on the screen with a digital pen.

Front 36

Embedded Computer

Back 36

A special-purpose computer that functions as a component in a larger product.

Front 37

Server

Back 37

Controls access to the hardware, software, and other resources on a network and provides a centralized storage area for programs, data, and info.

Front 38

Mainframe

Back 38

A large, expensive, powerful computer that can handle hundreds or thousands of connected users simultaneously.

Front 39

Supercomputer

Back 39

The fastest, most-powerful computer and the most expensive that can process over a quadrillion instructions per second.

Front 40

Operating System

Back 40

A set of programs that coordinates all activities among computer hardware devices. Allows people to communicate with comps. and other software.

Front 41

Tower

Back 41

Metal or plastic casing that provides a resting place for the computer, CPU, power supply, and external parts for input, output, and processing devices.

Front 42

Handheld

Back 42

Something small and portable enough to fit in one hand that still offers as many features.

Front 43

Home User

Back 43

Uses a computer for a variety of reasons including personal finance, Web access, communications and entertainment.

Front 44

Small Office/Home Office User

Back 44

Access Internet to look up addresses, directions, postal codes, flights, etc. Many enter the E-commerce arena and conduct business on Web.(Use Internet for shipping purposes)

Front 45

Mobile User

Back 45

Used by real estate agents, journalists, students, etc. to connect to network/Internet, transfer info., access e-mail, and entertainment purposes.

Front 46

Power User

Back 46

Engineers, scientists, architects, who use it for its industry-specific hardware, fast processing, and multimedia functions.

Front 47

Enterprise User

Back 47

Use to process transactions, billing, payroll, and to support E-commerce.(Also for Word, spreadsheet, database, and presentation.