Chapter 1 Human Geography

Front 1

The study of geographic phenomena by visiting places and observing what people are doing and observe those actions across space. thereby

Back 1

Fieldwork

Front 2

How people make places, how we organize space and society, how we interact with each other in places and across space and how we make sense of ourselves and others in our localities, regions and the world

Back 2

Human Geography

Front 3

set of processes that are increasing interactions, deepending relationships and heightening interdependence without regard to country borders

Back 3

Globalization

Front 4

the study of physical phenomena on the earth

Back 4

Physical geography

Front 5

geographers are interested in the ________ arrangement of places and phenomena, both human and physical geographers

Back 5

spatial

Front 6

how phenomena are distributed across space

Back 6

spatial distribution

Front 7

the design of a spatial distribution

Back 7

pattern

Front 8

mappin g the distribution of disease

Back 8

medical geography

Front 9

worldwide outbreak of disease

Back 9

pandemic

Front 10

regional outbreak of disease

Back 10

epidemic

Front 11

the study of a multitude of of phenomena. i.e the red and blue states in the 2008 election

Back 11

spatial perspective

Front 12

location, place, human - environment interaction, movement, region

Back 12

five themes of geography

Front 13

shows the geographical position of people adn things on earth's surface affects what happens and why

Back 13

location

Front 14

a logical attempt to explain the locational pattern of an economic activity and the manner in which its producing areas are interrelated. i.e. where should a McDonalds be built?

Back 14

location theory

Front 15

the relationship between humans and the physical world

Back 15

human environment interaction

Front 16

features that are concentrated in certain areas , formal, functional or perceptual homonogeity

Back 16

regions

Front 17

a specific spot on the earth

Back 17

place

Front 18

state of mind derived through the the infusion of a place with meaning and emotions by remembering important events that occurred in the place or by labeling a place with a certain character

Back 18

sense of place

Front 19

belief or understanding about a place developed through books, movies, stories or pictures. i.e. your thoguhts about a place you have never been to.

Back 19

perception of place

Front 20

the mobility of people, places, goods and ideas across the surface of the planet

Back 20

movement

Front 21

Spatial interaction based on the physical space between two places

Back 21

distance

Front 22

the ease of reacing one location from another

Back 22

accessibility

Front 23

the degree of linkage between locations in a network

Back 23

connectivity

Front 24

the material character of a place, the complex of natural features, human structures, and otehr tangible objects that give a place a particular form

Back 24

landscape

Front 25

the visible human imprint on the landscape

Back 25

cultural landscape

Front 26

the sequential imprints of occupants, whose impacts are layered on top of each other. i.e. Troy

Back 26

sequent occupation

Front 27

show locations of places and geographic features

Back 27

reference maps

Front 28

maps that tell stories, typically showing the degree of some attribute or the movement of a geographic phenomena

Back 28

thematic maps

Front 29

the plot precisely on the earth where something is

Back 29

absolute location

Front 30

satellite based system for determining the absolute location of places or geographic features

Back 30

GPS

Front 31

a hut for a cache, the GPS coordinates which are places on the internet by other geocachers

Back 31

Geocaching

Front 32

a collection of computer hardware and software that permits spatial data to be collected, recorded and restored, retrieved, manipulated, analyzed and displayed to the user

Back 32

GIS

Front 33

a place in relation to other human and physical features. i.e Buffalo is on the eastern shore of Lake Erie

Back 33

relative location

Front 34

maps that we carry in our minds, even if you have never been to a certain place

Back 34

mental maps

Front 35

those places we travel to routinely in our daily lives

Back 35

activity spaces

Front 36

maps that help us see trends, but we cannot see all cases of a given phenomena. i.e the precipitation map on p. 18

Back 36

generalized map

Front 37

collecting data by satellite, and aircraft which is instantly available

Back 37

remote sensing

Front 38

involvement of players at othern scales to generate support for a position or an initiative. i.e use of the internet to gain global support for a local position

Back 38

rescale

Front 39

an area with one or more shared traits, can be physical or cultural

Back 39

Formal regions

Front 40

an area defined by a particular set of activities adn interactions that occur within it

Back 40

Functional region

Front 41

intellectual constructs designed to help us understand the nature and distribution of phenomena in Human geography

Back 41

perceptual region

Front 42

perceptual region =

Back 42

vernacular region

Front 43

defined and delimited the perceptual regions of the US using telephone directories from all over the US

Back 43

Wilber Zelinsky

Front 44

the sum total of knowledge, attitudes and habitual behavior patterns shared adn transmitted by members of a society

Back 44

culture

Front 45

a related set of cultural traits , such as prevailing dress code or eating habits

Back 45

cultural complex

Front 46

Heartland, source area innovation center, place of origin of a major culture

Back 46

cultural hearth

Front 47

a single element of a normal practice in culture , such as wearing a turban

Back 47

cultural trait

Front 48

The term for cultural trait that developed independent of each other, such as calendars in Sumer and Aztec Civ

Back 48

Independent invention

Front 49

The process of dissemination, the spread of an idea or innovation from its hearth to other places

Back 49

cultural diffusion

Front 50

when an innovation becomes less likely to be accepted by potential adpoters the longer or farther it takes to reach the adopters

Back 50

time-distance decay

Front 51

certain innovations, ideas or practices are not acceptable or adoptable in particular cultures because of prevailing attitudes or even taboos

Back 51

cultural barriers

Front 52

an innovation or idea develops in a hearth and remains strong there while also spreading outward. i.e Islam

Back 52

expansion diffusion

Front 53

a form of expansion inwhich nearly all adjacent individuals and places are affected

Back 53

contagious diffusion

Front 54

the spread of culture occurs where and people are susceptible to it. i.e Juicy Couture

Back 54

hierarchical diffusion

Front 55

a form of diffusion in which a cultural adaptation is created as result of of the introduction of a cultural trait from another place. Chinese food to America

Back 55

stimulus diffusion

Front 56

the movement of individuals who have already adopted the idea or innovation and who carry it to a new, perhaps distant locale, where they proceed to disseminate it

Back 56

Relocation diffusion

Front 57

the theory that human behavior, individually and collectively, is atrongly affected by - even controlled by - the physical environment. i.e. ancient Egypt

Back 57

environmental determinism

Front 58

lines connecting points of equal temperature values

Back 58

isotherms

Front 59

Geographic viewpoint - a response to environmental determinism - that holds that human decision making, not the environment , is the crucial factor in cultural development. ___________view the environment as providing a braod set of constraints that limits the possibilities of human choice

Back 59

possibilism

Front 60

an area of inquiry conccerned with culture as a system of adaptation to and alteration of environment

Back 60

cultural ecology

Front 61

an area of inquiry fundamentally concerned with the environmental consequences of dominant political - economic arrangements and understandings

Back 61

political ecology

Front 62

a thematic map in which ranked classes of some variable are depicted with shading patterns or colors for predefined zones

Back 62

chloropleth

Front 63

a thematic map that connects points of equal value

Back 63

isoline

Front 64

a thematic map in which the size of the symbol varies in proportion to the frequency or intensity of the mapped variable

Back 64

proportional symbol map

Front 65

the level of detail dividing a thematic map into geographic units, ranging from a course division such as countries to fine division such as zip codes

Back 65

aggregation