Chapter 1 Discovery Learning & Powerpoint

Front 1

Florence Nightingale

Back 1

1. 1st practicing nurse epidemiologist
2. Statistical analyses connected cholera & dysentery with poor sanitation.
3. Volunteered during the Crimean war (1853) traveling battlefield hospitals at night carrying her lamp.
4. Known as "The lady with the lamp"

Front 2

Mildred Montag

Back 2

1. Founder of the College of Nursing 1842-1848
2. Developed a nursing program and was recognized for her role in impacting nursing throughout the world.

Front 3

Clara Barton

Back 3

1. Tended soldiers on the battlefields during the Civil war (1860-1865) cleansing their would, meeting their basic needs & comforting in death.
   
2. Lobbied the US Congress for 10 years when they finally ratified The American Red Cross in 1882

Front 4

Mary Agnes Snively

Back 4

1. Canadian nurse from 1847-1933
2. Was later named the 1st President of the Canadian Society of Superintendents of Training school for nurses
   

Front 5

Harriet Tubman

Back 5

1. Active in the underground railroad movement
2. Assisted in leading over 300 slaves to freedom
   

Front 6

Mary Mahoney

Back 6

1. 1st trained African-American nurse
2. Was concerned with the relationships between cultures & races
3. Noted nursing leader who brought forth an awareness of cultural diversity & respect for the individual regardless of background, race, color or religion
   

Front 7

Dorothea Dix

Back 7

1. Organized hospitals, appointed nurses, & oversaw and regulated supplies to troops.
2. Served as Superintendent of the female nurses of the Union Army.
   

Front 8

Henry Street Settlement

Back 8

Nurses working in this settlement were some of the first to demonstrate autonomy in practice because they frequently encountered situations that required quick, innovative problem solving and critical thinking skills without the supervision or direction of a healthcare provider

Front 9

Autonomy

Back 9

Initiation of independence; nursing interventions

• Ex - Telling a patient to cough and breathe deeply

Front 10

Accountability

Back 10

Is being responsible, both professionally and legally, for the type and quality of nursing care provided.

• Ex - Staying competent by attending nursing in-services, etc.

Front 11

What was the importance of the Goldmark report to the nursing practice?

Back 11

In 1923 the Goldmark report concluded that nursing education needed increased financial support and suggested that University schools receive financial support.

Front 12

Associates degree in nursing

Back 12

Focuses on basic sciences and theoretical/clinical courses related to the practice of nursing

Front 13

Baccalaureate degree

Back 13

Focuses on basic sciences and theoretical/clinical courses as well as social sciences, arts & humanities, to support nursing theory.

Front 14

Doctor of Nursing Science Degree (DSN or DNSc)

Back 14

Prepares graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing

Front 15

Doctor of Philosophy Degree (PhD)

Back 15

Emphasizes more basic research and theory and awards the research-oriented Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in nursing

Front 16

Doctor of Nursing Practice Degree (DNP)

Back 16

Is a practice-focused doctorate that provides skills in obtaining expanded knowledge through the formulation and interpretations of evidence-based practice

Front 17

Doctor in the Science of Nursing Degree (DSN)

Back 17

Prepares graduates to apply research findings to clinical nursing

Front 18

Benners level of proficiency in Nursing

Back 18

Novice - Beginning nursing student, or nurse, entering a situation in which there is no previous level of experience

Advanced Beginner - A nurse who has had some level of experience with the situation

Competent - A nurse who has been in the same clinical position for 2-3 years

Proficient - A nurse with more than 2-3 years of experience in the same clinical position

Expert - A nurse with diverse experience who has an intuitive grasp of an existing or potential clinical problem.

Front 19

American Nurses Association (ANA) Standards of Nursing Practice

Back 19

To promote national association of nurses, improve standards of nursing practice, and seek a higher status for nurses by providing an international power base for nurses

Front 20

Essentials of Baccalaureate Education

Back 20

Delineates essential knowledge, practice, and values, attitudes, personal qualities, and professional behavior for the baccalaureate-prepared nurse, and guides faculty on the structure and evaluation of the curriculum.

Front 21

National League for Nursing Accreditation Council (NLNAC) Interpretive Guidelines

Back 21

Focuses on competencies for the professional nurses.

Front 22

ANA Standards of Professional Performance:

1. Ethics
2. Education
3. EBP & Research
4. Quality of practice
5. Communication
6. Leadership
7. Collaboration
8. Professional Practice Evaluation
9. Resources
10. Environmental Health

Back 22

1. The RN's practice ethically
2. The RN attains knowledge & competency that reflects current nursing practice
   
3. The RN integrates evidence & research findings into practice
4. The RN contributes to quality nursing practice
5. The RN communicates effectively in all areas of practice
6. The RN demonstrates leadership in the professional practice setting & the profession
7. The RN collaborates with the health care consumer, family, and others in the conduct of nursing practice
8. The RN evaluates his/her own nursing practice in relation to professional practice standards and guidelines, relevant statuses, rules and regulations
9. The RN uses appropriate resources to plan & provide nursing services that are safe, effective, & financially responsible.
10. The RN practices in an environmentally safe & healthy manner.

Front 23

Patient Advocate

Back 23

You protect your patient's human and legal rights and provide assistance in asserting these rights if the needs arises, including the patient's right to refuse.

Front 24

Patient Educator

Back 24

You explain concepts and facts about health, describe the reason for routine care activities, demonstrate procedures such as self-care activities, reinforce learning or patient behavior, and evaluate the patient's progress in learning.

Front 25

Nurse Practitioner (NP) scope of practice

Back 25

As an Advanced Practice Registered Nurse (APRN), you provide health care to a group of patients, usually in an outpatient, ambulatory care, or community-based setting.

Front 26

Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS) scope of practice

Back 26

An APRN who is an expert clinician in a specialized a specialized area of practice.

Front 27

Certified Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA)

Back 27

AN APRN with advanced education in a nurse anesthesia accredited program. Nurse Anesthetist provide surgical anesthesia under the guidance and supervision of an anesthesiologist, who is a physician with advanced knowledge of surgical anesthesia.

Front 28

Nurse Midwife

Back 28

An APRN who is also educated in midwifery and is certified. The nurse midwife is involved in providing independent care for women during normal pregnancy, labor, delivery and care for the newborn.

Front 29

How does the impact of demography influence the nursing profession?

Back 29

The US Census Bureau (2008) predicted that between 2010 and 2050, there will be a steady rise in population. This change alone requires expanded health care resources.

Front 30

How does Women's health care impact the nursing profession?

Back 30

The need for women's healthy care is on the rise.

Front 31

How do Human Rights affect the nursing profession?

Back 31

The nursing profession has to meet the needs of the aging population.

Front 32

How does the threat of bio-terrorism affect the nursing profession

Back 32

Nurses are active in disaster preparedness

Front 33

How do the medically under-served affect the nursing profession?

Back 33

Today, nurses and schools of nursing are developing partnerships to improve health outcomes in under-served communities. Nurses work in these community-based settings providing health promotion and disease prevention to the homeless, mentally ill, and others who have limited access to health care or who lack health care insurance.

Front 34

What is the most common way for nurses to update his/her knowledge about the latest research and practice developments?

Back 34

Nurses can do this through getting involved in nursing organizations and continuous education (i.e. In - Services)

Front 35

According to historical perspective, nurses.....?

Back 35

1. Respond to the needs of patients
2. Actively participate in policy
3. Respond & adapt to challenges
4. Make clinical judgments & decisions about patients' heath care needs based on knowledge, experience, and standards of care
   

Front 36

Nurses provide care according to...?

Back 36

Standards of Practice & code of ethics

Front 37

When was Army Nurse corps established?

Back 37

1901

Front 38

Mary Adelaide Nutting was the 1st professor of nursing at Columbia University in?

Back 38

1906

Front 39

When was the Navy Nurse Corps established?

Back 39

1908

Front 40

When was the study of nursing education done?

Back 40

1920 - 1923

Front 41

When did nursing associations emerge?

Back 41

1940's & 1950's

Front 42

When did the ER nurses organization begin?

Back 42

1970

Front 43

What changes were made to nursing in the 21st century?

Back 43

1. Nursing code of ethics -
2. Changes in the curriculum -
3. Nursing in multiple care settings -
   
4. Advances in technology & informatics -
5. End-of-life care -

Front 44

What changes in society influenced the changes in nursing?

Back 44

1. Health Care Reform
2. Demographic changes
3. Medically under served
4. Threat of bio-terrorism
5. Rising health care costs
6. Nursing shortage
   

Front 45

What characteristics does a Profession have?

Back 45

1. Requires an extended education
2. Requires a body of knowledge
3. Provides a specific service
4. Has autonomy
5. Incorporates a code of ethics
   

Front 46

What is the goal of the Nursing: Scope & Standards of Practice?

Back 46

To improve the health & well-being of all individuals, communities, and populations through the significant & visible contributions of Registered Nursing use the standards based practice.

** Documentation began in 1960

Front 47

What are the Standards of Practice?

Back 47

Nursing standards that provide the guidelines for implementing & evaluating care.

6 standards of practice:

1. Assessment-
2. Diagnosis-
3. Outcomes identification-
4. Planning-
5. Implementation-
6. Evaluation-

Front 48

What are the Standards of Professional Performance?

Back 48

1. Ethics-
2. Quality of Practice-
3. Professional Practice Evaluation-
4. Education-
5. Communication-
6. Resources-
7. Evidence-Based Practice & Research-
8. Leadership-
9. Environmental health-
10. Collaboration-

Front 49

Code of Ethics?

Back 49

1. The philosophical ideals of right & wrong that define principles used to provide care
2. It is important to incorporate your OWN into your practice
3. Ask yourself: How do my ethics, values & practice compare with established standards?
   

Front 50

What degrees can you obtain from a professional registered nurse education?

Back 50

2 yr associates degree

4 yr baccalaureate degree

Front 51

What degrees can you obtain from a graduate education in nursing?

Back 51

Master's degree, Advanced Practice RN (ARNP)

Doctoral degrees

Front 52

What do nurses do?

Back 52

1. Protect, promote & optimize our patients' health
2. Prevent illness & injury
3. Alleviate suffering through the diagnosis & treatment of human responses
4. Advocate for the care of our patients.
   

Front 53

What are some additional nursing trends?

Back 53

1. Genomics- The study of inheritance
2. Public perception of nursing- Being mindful about how your approach influences public opinion, always act in a competent manner
3. Impact of nursing on politics & health policy- Professional nursing organizations are employing lobbyists to urge state legislatures & Congress to improve the quality of health care.

Front 54

Patient - centered care competency

Back 54

Recognizing the patient or designee as the source of control & full partner in providing compassionate & coordinated care based on respect for patient's preferences, values, and needs.

• Exs: Involving the family & friends in care; elicit patient values & preferences; provide care with respect for diversity of the human experience

Front 55

Teamwork & Collaboration competency

Back 55

Functions effectively within nursing & inter-professional teams, fostering open communication, mutual respect, & shared decision making to achieve quality patient care.

• Exs: Recognize the contributions of other health team members & patients family members; discuss effective strategies for communicating & resolving conflict; participate in designing methods to support effective teamwork

Front 56

Evidence-Based Practice (EBP) competency

Back 56

Integrating the best current evidence with clinical expertise & patient/family preferences & values for delivery of optimal health care.

• Exs: demonstrate knowledge of basic scientific methods; appreciates strengths & weaknesses of scientific bases for practice; appreciates the importance of regularly reading journals

Front 57

Quality Improvement (QI) competency

Back 57

Uses data to monitor the outcomes of care processes & uses improvement methods to design & test changes to continuously improve the quality & safety of health care systems.

• Exs: Use tools such as flow charts & diagrams to make the process of care explicit; appreciate how unwanted variation in outcome affects are; identify gaps between local and best practices

Front 58

Safety competency

Back 58

Minimizing the risk of harm to patients & providers through both system effectiveness & individual performances.

Exs: Examine human factors and basic safety design principles and commonly used unsafe practices; values own role in preventing error.

Front 59

Informatics competency

Back 59

Uses information & technology to communicate, manage knowledge, mitigate error & support decision making,

• Exs: Navigate an electronic health record; protect confidentiality of protected health information in electronic health records.

Front 60

What are the following nursing organizations"

1. NLN
2. ANA
3. ICN
4. NSNA/CSNA
   

Back 60

1. National League for Nursing - advances excellence in nursing education to prepare nurses to meet the needs of a diverse population in a changing health care environment
2. ANA - American Nurses Association - the purpose is to improve standards of hea

Front 61

What does the nursing profession provide the nurse?

Back 61

An opportunity for commitment to lifelong learning and career development

Front 62

What are the professional roles of nursing?

Back 62

1. Caregiver - Helps patients maintain & regain health, manage disease & symptoms, & attain a maximal level of function & independence through the healing process.
2. Advocate - You protect your patient's human & legal rights, including the patient's right to choose, and assist in asserting these rights if the need arises.
3. Educator - Explain concepts & facts about health, demonstrate procedures when needed, reinforce learning or patient behavior & evaluate progress in learning.
4. Communicator - Essential for all nursing roles & activities to know your patient's including their strengths & weaknesses.
5. Manager - Establish an environment for collaborative, patient centered care to provide safe, quality care with positive patient outcomes.
   

Front 63

What is the professional responsibilities of the nurse?

Back 63

To obtain & maintain specific knowledge and skills.

In the past: To provide care & comfort

Now: To provide care & comfort and to emphasize health promotion and illness prevention.