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13 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Second-order thinking |
Another term for critical thinking. It is first-order thinking (or ordinary thinking) that is consciously realized (i.e., analyzed, assessed, and improved). Term used by Paul and Elder. |
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Egocentrism |
The tendency to view everything in relationship to oneself and to regard one's own opinions, values, or interests as most important. |
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Sophistry |
The ability to win an argument regardless of flaws in its reasoning. |
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Weak-sense critical thinking |
Thinking that does not consider counter viewpoints, that lacks fair-mindedness and that uses critical thinking skills simply to defend current belief |
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Sociocentrism |
The assumption that one's own social group is inherently superior to all others. |
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Intellectual humility |
Openness to the possibility that one's beliefs are mistaken and a willingness to reevaluate them in the face of new evidence or persuasive counterarguments. Term used by Paul and Elder. |
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Intellectual perseverance |
The act of working one's way through intellectual complexities despite frustrations inherent in doing so. Term used by Paul and Elder. |
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Stereotype |
A fixed or oversimplified conception of a person, group, or idea. |
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Intellectual cowardice |
Fear of ideas or viewpoints that do not conform to one's own. Term used by Paul and Elder. |
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Intellectual empathy |
The act of routinely inhabiting the perspectives of others in order to genuinely understand them. Term used by Paul and Elder. |
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Fair-mindedness |
The commitment to consider all relevant opinions equally without regard to one's own sentiments or selfish interests |
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Fallacies |
Flaws or errors in reasoning which, when found in the premise of an argument, invalidate its conclusion. |
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Strong-sense critical thinking |
Thinking that uses critical thinking skills to evaluate all beliefs, especially one's own, and that pursues what is intellectually fair and just |
