Chapter 1 Chemistry 1 Vocab

Front 1

changes between the gaseous, liquid, or solid states.

Back 1

Changes of state

Front 2

any change or reaction in which one or more substances are converted into different substances with different characteristic properties.

Back 2

chemical change or chemical reaction

Front 3

pure substance that can be decomposed into two or more simpler substances by an ordinary chemical change.

Back 3

chemical compound

Front 4

the ability of a substance to undergo a change that alters its identity.

Back 4

chemical property

Front 5

the study of the composition and structure of materials and the changes they undergo

Back 5

chemistry

Front 6

a substance that cannot be seperated into other substances by any ordinary chemical change

Back 6

element

Front 7

describes processes that absorb heat

Back 7

endothermic

Front 8

the ability to cause change or do work

Back 8

energy

Front 9

describe processes that release heat

Back 9

exothermic

Front 10

properties, including mass, length, and volume that depend on the amount of matter present.

Back 10

extensive physical property

Front 11

the state of any matter that has neither a definite shape nor a definite volume

Back 11

gaseous state

Front 12

the vertical columns of elements in the Periodic Table, numbered consecutively from 1 to 18.

Back 12

groups or families

Front 13

a mixture whos composition and properties are not uniform but that differ from point to point in the mixture

Back 13

heterogeneous mixture

Front 14

a mixture whose composition and properties are uniform throughout the mixture, also called a solution

Back 14

homogeneous mixture

Front 15

a testable statement

Back 15

hypothesis

Front 16

resistance to change in motion

Back 16

inertia

Front 17

properties that do not depend on the amount of matter present; they include melting point, boiling point, destiny, ductility, malleability, color, crystaline shape, and refreactive index

Back 17

intensive physical property

Front 18

the energy of an object in motion

Back 18

kinetic energy

Front 19

energry can be converted from one form to another, but it cannot be created or destroyed in ordinary chemical or physical changes

Back 19

law of conservation energy

Front 20

matter cannot be ethier created or destroyed in ordinary chemical and physical changes

Back 20

law of conservation of mass

Front 21

a chemical compound contains the same elements in exactly the same proportions by mass regardless of the size of the sample or source of the compound

Back 21

law of definite composition

Front 22

a generalization that describes a wide variety of behaviors in nature

Back 22

law

Front 23

the state of any matter that has a definite volume but an indefinite shape

Back 23

liquid state

Front 24

a measure of the quanity of matter

Back 24

mass

Front 25

anything that has mass and occupies space

Back 25

matter

Front 26

an element that is a good conductor of heat and electricity

Back 26

metal

Front 27

an element that has some properties characteristic of metals and others characteristic of nonmetals, and is a semi conductor

Back 27

metalloid

Front 28

a combination of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own composition and properties

Back 28

mixture

Front 29

an element that is a poor conductor of heat & electricity

Back 29

nonmetal

Front 30

the horizontal rows of elements in the periodic table, numbered 1 to 7 from the top down.

Back 30

period

Front 31

proportion of matter that has both the same chemical properties and the same physical properties

Back 31

phases

Front 32

any change in a property of matter that does not result in a change in identity.

Back 32

physical change

Front 33

a property that can be observed or measured without altering the identity of a material

Back 33

physical property

Front 34

a solid that separates from a solution

Back 34

precipitate

Front 35

energy that an object has because of its position or composition

Back 35

potential energy

Front 36

the new substances or substances produced by a chemical reaction or by an enzyme reaction

Back 36

products

Front 37

characteristics that enable us to distinguish one kind of matter from another

Back 37

properties

Front 38

a homogeneous sample of matter that has the same composition and characteristic properties throughout

Back 38

pure substance

Front 39

nonnumerical information

Back 39

qualitative information

Front 40

numerical information

Back 40

quanitative information

Front 41

the substances that undergo a chemical reaction

Back 41

reactants

Front 42

a logical approach to the solution of problems that lend themselves to investigation by observing, generalizing, theorizing and testing

Back 42

scientific method

Front 43

the state of any matter that has a define shape and volume

Back 43

solid state

Front 44

a homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in a single phase

Back 44

solution

Front 45

a broad generalization that explains a body of facts or phenomena

Back 45

theory

Front 46

a measure of the earths gravitational attraction for matter

Back 46

weight