Chapter 1: Basic Word Structure

Front 1

aden/o

Back 1

gland

Front 2

-oma

Back 2

tumor or mass

Front 3

arthr/o

Back 3

joint

Front 4

-itis

Back 4

inflamaton

Front 5

adenoma

Back 5

tumor of a gland

Front 6

adenitis

Back 6

inflamation of the gland

Front 7

bi/o

Back 7

life

Front 8

-logy

Back 8

study of the process

Front 9

-log

Back 9

study of

Front 10

-y

Back 10

process or condition

Front 11

biology

Back 11

the study of the process of life

Front 12

-opsy

Back 12

process of viewing

Front 13

carcin/o

Back 13

cancerous, cancer

Front 14

carcinoma

Back 14

cancerous tumor

(these grow from the epithelial (surface or skin) cells that cover the outside of the body and line organs, cavities, and tubes within the body

Front 15

cardi/o

Back 15

heart

Front 16

cardiology

Back 16

study of the heart

Front 17

cephal/o

Back 17

head

Front 18

-ic

Back 18

pertaining to

Front 19

cephalic

Back 19

pertaining to the head

Front 20

cerebr/o

Back 20

cerebrum (the largest part of the brain)

Front 21

-al

Back 21

pertaining to

Front 22

cis/o

Back 22

to cut

Front 23

in-

Back 23

into

Front 24

-ion

Back 24

process

Front 25

incision

Back 25

the process to cut into

Front 26

crin/o

Back 26

to secrete (to form and give off)

Front 27

endo-

Back 27

within; endocrine glands (e.g. thyroid, pituitary, and adrenal glands) secrete hormones directly within (into) the bloodstream. Other glands, called exocrine glands, release their secretions (e.g., saliva, sweat, tears, milk) through tube (ducts) to the outside of the body.

Front 28

cyst/o

Back 28

urinary bladder; a sac or a cyst (sac containing fluid)

Front 29

-scopy

Back 29

is a complex suffix that includes the root scoop, meaning visual examination, and the final suffix -y meaning the process

Front 30

-y

Back 30

process

Front 31

cyt/o

Back 31

cell

Front 32

derm/o

Back 32

skin

Front 33

electr/o

Back 33

electricity

Front 34

hypo-

Back 34

under or below

Front 35

hypodermic

Back 35

pertaining to under the skin

Front 36

-gram

Back 36

record

Front 37

electrocardiogram

Back 37

record electricity and heart

Front 38

encephal/o

Back 38

brain

Front 39

electroencephalogram

Back 39

to record electricity of the brain

Front 40

enter/o

Back 40

intestines (usually the small intestines)

Front 41

enteritis

Back 41

inflammation of the intestines

Front 42

erythr/o

Back 42

red

Front 43

-cyte

Back 43

cell

Front 44

Erythrocyte

Back 44

red cells

carry oxygen to the blood

Front 45

gastr/o

Back 45

stomanch

Front 46

-ectomy

Back 46

excision or removal

Front 47

gastrectomy

Back 47

removal of the stomach or

part of the stomach

Front 48

gastrotomy

Back 48

-tomy = complex suffix, which contains the root word tom = to cut, and the final suffix -y, meaning the process of

the process of cutting the stomach

Front 49

glyc/o

Back 49

sugar

Front 50

hyper-

Back 50

excessive, above, more than normal

Front 51

-emia

Back 51

blood condition

Front 52

hyperglycemia

Back 52

blood condition more than normal blood sugar

Front 53

gnos/o

Back 53

knowledge

Front 54

dia-

Back 54

complete

Front 55

sis

Back 55

state or condition of

Front 56

diagnosis

Back 56

state of complete knowledge

made after sufficient information has been obtained about the patients condition

Front 57

pro-

Back 57

before

Front 58

prognosis

Back 58

state of before knowledge or knowledge before

Front 59

gynec/o

Back 59

woman, female

Front 60

gynec/o

Back 60

woman/female

Front 61

gynecology

Back 61

study of female

Front 62

hemat/o

Back 62

blood

Front 63

hematology

Back 63

study of blood

Front 64

hem/o

Back 64

blood

Front 65

hematoma

Back 65

mass collection of blood, rather than a growth of cells (tumor)

forms when blood escapes from blood vessels and collects as a clot in a cavity or organ or under the skin

Front 66

-oma

Back 66

mass collection

Front 67

-globin

Back 67

protein

Front 68

hemoglobin

Back 68

carries oxygen in red blood cells

Front 69

hepat/o

Back 69

liver

Front 70

hepatitis

Back 70

inflammation of the liver

Front 71

iatr/o

Back 71

treatment, physician

Front 72

iatrogenic

Back 72

conditions are adverse effects that result in the treatment or intervention by a physici

Front 73

-genic

Back 73

producing, produced by, or produced in

Front 74

iatrogenic

Back 74

conditions are adverse effects that result in the treatment or intervention by a physician

Front 75

leuk/o

Back 75

white

Front 76

-cyte

Back 76

cell

Front 77

log/o

Back 77

study of

Front 78

nephr/o

Back 78

kidney

used with other suffixes such as -osis, -itis,

-ectomy (Greek) to describe abnormal conditions and operative procedures

Front 79

neur/o

Back 79

nerve

Front 80

dermatology

Back 80

study of skin

Front 81

nephritis

Back 81

inflammation of kidneys

Front 82

onc/o

Back 82

tumor (cancerous)

Front 83

oncology

Back 83

study of cancerous tumors

Front 84

-ist

Back 84

one who specializes in a field of medicine (or

other profession)

Front 85

ophthalm/o

Back 85

eye

Front 86

ophthalmoscope

Back 86

-scope instrument for visual examination

Front 87

oste/o

Back 87

bone

Front 88

osteitis

Back 88

inflammation of the bone

Front 89

osteoarthritis

Back 89

inflammation of the bone and joint

Front 90

path/o

Back 90

disease

Front 91

pathologist

Back 91

one who specializes in diseases

examines biopsy samples microscopically and examines dead bodies to determine the cause of death

Front 92

ped/o

Back 92

child

Front 93

psych/o

Back 93

mind

Front 94

psychology

Back 94

study of the mind

Front 95

radi/o

Back 95

x-rays

Front 96

radiology

Back 96

study of xrays

Front 97

ren/o

Back 97

kindey

Front 98

rhin/o

Back 98

nose

Front 99

rhinitis

Back 99

inflammation of the nose

Front 100

sarc/o

Back 100

flesh

Front 101

sarcoma

Back 101

cancer of the flesh

grows from the cells of "fleshy" connective tissue such as muscle, bone, and fat, where as carcinoma grows from epithelial cells that line the

outside of the body or the inside of an organs in thes body

Front 102

sect/o

Back 102

to cut

Front 103

re-

Back 103

back

Front 104

resection

Back 104

cutting back in the sense of cutting out or removal (excision)

Front 105

gastric resection

Back 105

gastrectomy or excision of the stomach

Front 106

thromb/o

Back 106

clot, clotting

Front 107

thrombocyte

Back 107

clotting of cells

Front 108

platelets

Back 108

thrombocyte

Front 109

thrombus

Back 109

is the actual clot that forms

Front 110

thrombosis

Back 110

condition of clot formation

Front 111

ur/o

Back 111

urinary tract, urine

Front 112

urologist

Back 112

urine specialist

Front 113

-ac

Back 113

pertaining to

Front 114

-al

Back 114

pertaining to

Front 115

algia

Back 115

pain

Front 116

cyte

Back 116

cell

Front 117

ectomy

Back 117

excision, removal

Front 118

-emia

Back 118

blood condition

Front 119

-genic

Back 119

pertaining to,

producing,

produced by,

produced in

Front 120

-globin

Back 120

protein

Front 121

-gram

Back 121

record

Front 122

-ic, ical

Back 122

pertaining to

Front 123

-ion

Back 123

process

Front 124

-ist

Back 124

specialist

Front 125

-itis

Back 125

inflammation

Front 126

-logy

Back 126

process of study/ study of

Front 127

-oma

Back 127

tumor,

mass,

swelling

Front 128

-opsy

Back 128

process of viewing

Front 129

cardiac

Back 129

pertaining to the heart

Front 130

neural

Back 130

pertaining to the brain

Front 131

arthralgia

Back 131

pertaining to the joint

Front 132

neuralgia

Back 132

pertaining to the nerve

Front 133

erythrocyte

Back 133

red cell

Front 134

nephrectomy

Back 134

kidney removal

Front 135

leukemia

Back 135

a blood condition of white

condition of blood which cancerous white blood cells proliferate ( increase in number)

Front 136

carcinogenic

Back 136

producing cancerous

cigarette smoke

Front 137

pathogenic

Back 137

producing disease

many virus and bacteria are this kind of organism

Front 138

iatrogenic

Back 138

produced by treatment/phsycian

Front 139

hemoglobin

Back 139

protein in blood

Front 140

electrocephalogram

Back 140

recording of electricity of the brain

Front 141

gastric

Back 141

pertaining to the stomach

Front 142

log/o

Back 142

study of

Front 143

neurologic

Back 143

pertaining to the study of nerves

Front 144

excision

Back 144

process of removal

Front 145

ophthalmologist

Back 145

eye specialist

Front 146

cystitis

Back 146

inflammation of sac containing fluid

urinary bladder

cyst

Front 147

endocrinology

Back 147

the study of hormones

Front 148

-osis

Back 148

condition usually abornomal

Front 149

-pathy

Back 149

disease condition

Front 150

-scope

Back 150

instrument to visually examine

Front 151

-scopy

Back 151

process of visually scoping

Front 152

-sis

Back 152

state ocf; condition

Front 153

-tomy

Back 153

process of cutting

incision

Front 154

-y

Back 154

process of

condition

Front 155

a-

an-

Back 155

no

not

without

Front 156

aut-

auto-

Back 156

self

own

Front 157

dia-

Back 157

complete

through

Front 158

endo-

Back 158

within

Front 159

epi-

Back 159

above

upon

Front 160

ex-

exo-

Back 160

out

outside of

outward

Front 161

hyper-

Back 161

excessive

above

more than normal

Front 162

hypo-

Back 162

deficient

below

under

less than

normal

Front 163

in-

Back 163

into

in

Front 164

peri-

Back 164

surrounding around

Front 165

pro-

Back 165

before

forward

Front 166

re-

Back 166

back

backward

again

Front 167

retro-

Back 167

behind

Front 168

sub-

Back 168

below

under

Front 169

trans

Back 169

across

through

Front 170

subhepatic

Back 170

pertaining to under the liver