Chapter 1

Front 1

Psychopharmacology

Back 1

The study of how drugs affect mood, perception, thinking or behaviour

Front 2

Psychoactive Drugs

Back 2

Drugs that affect mood, perception, thinking or behaving by acting in the nervous system

Front 3

Pharmacotherapeutics

Back 3

Drugs used for treating disorders.

Front 4

Drug

Back 4

An administered substance that alters physiological functioning

Front 5

Instrumental Drug Use

Back 5

Using a drug to address a specific purpose.

Front 6

Recreational Drug

Back 6

Using a drug entirely to experience its effects

Front 7

Therapeutic Drug

Back 7

Drugs used for treating disorders

Front 8

Trade Name

Back 8

A trademarked name a company proveds for a drug

Front 9

Generic Name

Back 9

A nonproprietary name that indicates the classificataion for a drug and distinguishes a drug from others in the same class

Front 10

Chemical Name

Back 10

This details a drug's chemical structure. This name tells us the chemical structure looks like.

Front 11

Street Name

Back 11

These are what recreational drugs are often referred to.

Front 12

Dose

Back 12

A ratio of the amount of drug per an organism's body weight

Front 13

Dose-effect curve

Back 13

This depicts the magnitude of a drug effect by dose

Front 14

ED50 VALUE

Back 14

Represents the dose at which 50% of an effect was observed

Front 15

Potency

Back 15

Amount of drug used to produce a certain level of effect

Front 16

Therapeutic Index

Back 16

Ratio of a drug's toxic dose-effect curve value relative to therapeutic dose-effeect curve value

Front 17

Certain Safety Index

Back 17

A therapeutic index calculated by dividing a TD1 value by an ED99 value

Front 18

Pharmacodynamics

Back 18

The physiological action of drugs

Front 19

Pharmacokinetics

Back 19

A drugs passage through the body

Front 20

Pharmacogenetics

Back 20

The study of how genetic differences influence a drug's pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic effects

Front 21

Objective Effects

Back 21

Pharmacological effects that can be directly observed by others

Front 22

Subjective Effects

Back 22

Pharmacological effects that cannot be directly observed by others

Front 23

Dependent Variable

Back 23

A study variable measured by a researcher

Front 24

Independent Variable

Back 24

Study conditions or treatments that may affect a dependent variable

Front 25

Correlational study

Back 25

Study in which an investigator does not alter the independent variable

Front 26

Experimental Study

Back 26

Study in which investigators alter an independent variable to determine whether changes occur to a dependent variable

Front 27

Placebo

Back 27

Substance identical in appearance to a drug but phsiolocially inert

Front 28

Treatment of arms

Back 28

Number of treatments and doses provided to patients described in a clinical study

Front 29

Clinical Study Reports

Back 29

Detailed summaries of a clinical study's design and results

Front 30

Single-blind procedure

Back 30

When researchers do not inform study particpants which treatment or pacebo they recieved

Front 31

Double Blind Procedure

Back 31

When niether particpants nor investigators know the treatment assignment during a study

Front 32

Open Label Studies

Back 32

Assignment of study treatments without using blinded procedures

Front 33

Internal Validity

Back 33

Control of variables with potential to influence a dependent variable

Front 34

External Validity

Back 34

Refers to how well study findings generalize beyond the study conditions

Front 35

Teratogen

Back 35

Substance harmful to a fetus

Front 36

Face Validity

Back 36

Appearance of a test measuring what a researcer considers it to measure

Front 37

Construct Validity

Back 37

How well a study's finding relate to the underlying theory of a study's objectives

Front 38

Predictive Validity

Back 38

How well a model predicts treatment Affects

Front 39

Replacement, Reduction, Refinement

Back 39

3 Rs

Front 40

Ethical Cost

Back 40

Assessment that weighs the value of potential research discoveries against the potential pain and distress experienced by research subjects

Front 41

Informed Consent

Back 41

Consent gained after a particpant thoroughly understands a study's procedures, possible gains, and potential risks

Front 42

High Throughput Screening

Back 42

Rapid testing process involving a large number of experimental drugs

Front 43

Safety Pharmacology

Back 43

The study of a drug's adverse effects

Front 44

Clinical Trial

Back 44

A government approved therapeutic drug experiment in humans' drug development; a multistep process of developing an eeffective, safe and profitable therapeutic drug