Chapter 1

Front 1

_____________ is a subfield of psychology devoted to studying constancy and change in the time of conception through death. It is multidisciplinary.

Back 1

Human Development

Front 2

What are the domains of human development?

Back 2

- Cognitive (Language, Information processing, memory)

- Emotional and Social (Parent and Child Development, Sibling Interactions, Friendship/Relationships)

- Physical (Growth/Development)

Front 3

Hum development is becoming increasingly aware that children and adults live in distinct _____________ - unique combinations of personal and environmental circumstances that can result in different paths of change.

Back 3

Context

Front 4

The lifespan perspective has four assumptions that make up a broader: ______________, ____________ and ______________, ______________, ___________________.

Back 4

- Lifelong

- Multidimensional and Multidirectional

- Plastic (Modifiable)

- Influenced by Multiple, Interacting Forces

Front 5

_______________ period is from conception to birth where the one-celled organism transforms into a human baby with remarkable capacities to adjust to outside the womb.

Back 5

Prenatal

Front 6

________________ period is from conception to birth where there are dramatic changes in the body and brain support the emergence of a wide array of motor, perceptual, and intellectual capacities and first intimate ties to others.

Back 6

Infancy and toddlerhood

Front 7

____________ if from 2 to 6 years olds during these "play years" motor skills are refined, thought and language expand at an astounding pace, a sense of morality is evident, and children establish ties with peers.

Back 7

Early Childhood

Front 8

_____________ period is from 6 to 11where the school years are marked by improved athletic abilities; more logical thought processes; mastery of basic literacy skills, advances in self-understanding, morality, and friendship.

Back 8

Middle Childhood

Front 9

______________ period is from 11 to 18 when puberty leads to an adult-sized body and sexual maturity. Thought becomes abstract ad idealistic and school achievements more serious.

Back 9

Adolescence

Front 10

_______________ period is from 18 to 40 years old. Most young people leave home, complete their education, and begin full-time work. Major concerns are developing career, forming an intimate partnership, and marrying, rearing children.

Back 10

Early Adulthood

Front 11

______________ period is 40 to 65 years old people are at the height of their careers and attain leadership positions. They must also help their children begin independent lives and their parents adapt to aging.

Back 11

Middle Adulthood

Front 12

______________ period is 65 to death people adjusting to retirement, to decreased physical strength and health, and often death of spouse. They reflect on the meaning of their lives.

Back 12

Late Adulthood

Front 13

There are several different ways to get to the destination, but the final destination is ultimately the same is the _______________ concept.

Back 13

Multiple Courses

Front 14

We are all following the same path, but the timing may be off is the __________________ concept.

Back 14

Same Road Map

Front 15

Human development concept of ____________ states events are predictable in time such as Self Esteem, Emotional Attachment, Height, Intelligence.

Back 15

Continuous

Front 16

Human development concept of ____________ states events are unpredictable in time such as Stages in Life Vary or Thoughts/Views Completely Change, Common Cold, PTSD.

Back 16

Discontinuous

Front 17

__________________ observed the infinite variation among plant and animal species in his famous theory of evolution. The theory of evolution emphasized natural selection and survival of the fittest.

Back 17

Charles Darwin

Front 18

____________ is an American psychologist who with his colleague, Arnold Gesell, developed evolutionary ideas like the maturational process and normative approach - which measures behavior on a large scale of individuals, and age-related averages to show typical development.

Back 18

G. Stanly Hall

Front 19

According to the ______________, people move through a series of stages in which they confront conflicts between biological drives and social tensions. How these conflicts are resolved determines the person's ability to learn, to get along with others, and to cope with anxiety.

Back 19

Psychoanalytic Perspective

Front 20

_____________ and _______________ contributed to the pyschoanaylitic perspective.

Back 20

Sigmund Freud and Erik Erickson

Front 21

________________ was a Viennese physician constructed his psychosexual theory, which emphasizes how parents manage their child's sexual and aggressive drives in the first few years is crucial for healthy personality development.

Back 21

Sigmund Freud

Front 22

Freud's theory had three parts of personality, __________, the largest portion and basic biological needs/drives, ___________, the conscious, rational part of personality emerges in infancy, and __________, conscience develops through interactions with parents who guide children to social norms.

Back 22

ID, Ego, Superego

Front 23

_______________ came up with the psychosocial theory, which emphasized that in addition to mediating between id impulses and superego demands, the ego makes a positive contribution to development, acquiring attitudes and skills at each stage that make the individual an active, contributing member of society or in other words more steps to Freud's and socially based.

Back 23

Erik Erikson

Front 24

According to ______________, directly obserable events - stimuli and responses - are the focus of study.

Back 24

Behaviorism

Front 25

_____________ studied behaviorism using dogs, with a neutral stimulus, another stimulus, to come up with classical conditioning.

Back 25

Ivan Pavlov

Front 26

_____________ was responsible for the Little Albert experiment and _______________ was responsible for operate condition theory which used reinforcers and punishment.

Back 26

John Watson and B.F. Skinner

Front 27

Several kinds of __________________ emerged with the most influential being devised by American psychologist Albert Bandura which involved modeling and imitation.

Back 27

Social Learning Theories

Front 28

__________________ consists of procedures that combine conditioning and modeling to eliminate undersirable behaviors and increases desirable responses.

Back 28

Behavior Modification

Front 29

_______________ focuses on how culture is transmited to the next generation. According to ________________, social interaction is neccessary for children to acquire thinking/behaving in which the community is made up of.

Back 29

Sociocultural Theory and Lev Vygostky

Front 30

________________ views the person as developing withing a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels of surrounding environments (Micro, meso, exo, macro, and dynamic system) was developed by _________________.

Back 30

Ecological System Theory and Urie Bronfrebrenner

Front 31

Map on two concepts related to each other, but does not mean causation is called ____________.

Back 31

Correlational Designs

Front 32

Have an independent variable that affects a dependent variable is _______________.

Back 32

Experimental Designs

Front 33

Observing natural occurring effect differences is a part of ______________.

Back 33

Quasi-Experiments

Front 34

Follows the same group of people for a long time, expensive, periodical in time is the ______________.

Back 34

Longitudinal Design

Front 35

The Basic Fundamentals of Developmental Psychology?

Back 35

- Individual Differences

- Heredity, Culture, Social Events

- Average Children: Simply Average

- Development is Orderly

- General to Specific or Refinement of Knowledge