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25 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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comparative politics |
The study and comparison of domestic politics across countries
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international relations
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A field in political science which concentrates on relations between countries, such as foreign policy, war, trade, and foreign aid
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institution
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An organization or activity that is self-perpetuating and valued for its own sake
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politics
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The struggle in any group for power that will give one or more persons the ability to make decisions for the larger group
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power
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The ability to influence others or impose one's will on them
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comparative method
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The means by which social scientists make comparisons across cases
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inductive reasoning
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Research that works from case studies in order to generate hypotheses
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deductive reasoning
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Research that works from a hypothesis that is then tested against data
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correlation
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An apparent relationship between two or more variables
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causal relationship
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cause and effect
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multicausality
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When variables are interconnected and interact together to produce particular outcomes
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area studies
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A regional focus when studying political science, rather than studying parts of the world where similar variables are clustered
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selection bias
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A focus on effects rather than causes, which can lead to inaccurate conclusions about correlation or causation
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endogeneity
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The issue that cause and effect are not often clear, in that variables may be both cause and effect in relationship to one another
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theory
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An integrated set of hypotheses, assumptions, and facts
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modernization theory
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A theory asserting that as societies developed, they would take on a set of common characteristics, including democracy and capitalism
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behavioral revolution
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A movement within political science during the 1950s and 1960s to develop general theories about individual political behavior that could be applied across all countries
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qualitative method
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Study through an in-depth investigation of a limited number of cases
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quantitative method
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Study through statistical data from many cases
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rational choice
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Approach that assumes that individuals weigh the costs and benefits and make choices to maximize their benefits
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game theory
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An approach that emphasizes how actors or organizations behave in their goal to influence others. Built upon assumptions of rational choice
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formal institutions
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Institutions usually based on officially sanctioned rules that are relatively clear
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informal institutions
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Institutions with unwritten and unofficial rules
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freedom
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The ability of an individual to act independently, without fear of restriction or punishment by the state or other individuals or groups in society
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equality
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A shared material standard of individuals within a community, society, or country |
