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44 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Are organisms similar or different at the molecular level? |
Similar |
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What makes up organisms? |
Elements |
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How many Elements are there? |
90 |
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What three Elements make up 98% of the atoms of any organism? |
O, H & C |
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What is the "Matrix of Life" |
Water |
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The largest molecules are made up of what element? |
Carbon |
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What are fuel sources made of? |
Carbon, Hydrogen and Oxygen |
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What makes Carbon versatile? |
Capable of forming 4 covalent bonds |
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Why is Carbon important? |
It's the smallest |
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As you go down the periodic table what trend will you see with Electronegativity? |
Decrease |
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Is there more or less Energy required to form C-C bond and is there more or less Energy released when broken? |
More & More |
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What are the 4 classes of Biomolecules? |
Proteins, Nucleic Acids, Lipids and Carbs |
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Which of the 4 classes are highly versatile? |
Proteins |
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Which of the 4 classes are the info keepers of the cell? |
Nucleic Acids |
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What is a protein made up of? |
Amino Acids held together via peptide bonds |
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What is the Rate of RXN? |
Change in Concentration/Change Time |
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How do enzymes speed up a reaction? |
Decease Activation Energy |
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All Enzymes are proteins...but |
Not all proteins are enzymes |
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What are the two distinct regions of a lipid? |
Hydrophilic head and Hydrophobic tail |
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What is the Dual Structure Composition and what does it allow for? |
Barrier creating cellular compartments Allows for membranes to be assembled |
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What are carbs used for? |
Fuel source |
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What forms do carbs come in? |
Glucose or glycogen ( storage form in animals) |
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What function do carbs serve in the body? |
Signal molecules and cell-to-cell recognition |
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What do Nucleic acids do in the body? |
Store and Transfer information |
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How many Nucelobases do nucleic acids have? |
4 |
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What does the structure of a Nucelotide look like? |
Nucleobase (heterocyclic Carbon ring) connected to 5 ring sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) attached to at least 1 phosphoryl group |
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What is DNA? |
Genetic Info |
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What does DNA contain? |
Cell fate |
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What are the letters associated with DNA and their corresponding terms? |
A: adenine C: cytosine T: thymine G: guanine |
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Which letters in DNA match up? |
A->T G->C |
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What does the structure of DNA look like? |
Double stranded helix |
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What are the letters for RNA? |
A C U G |
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Which letters of RNA match up? |
A->U G->C |
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Is RNA single or double stranded? |
single stranded |
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What is the Central Dogma? |
Basic principles of biological info transfer Flows DNA->RNA->Protein |
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What is DNA->RNA |
Transcription |
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What is RNA->Protein |
Translation |
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Which part of the Central Dogma is termed cell fate? |
Transcription |
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Where does the Central Dogma occur? |
In the Cell |
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How big are Prokayotic cells? |
1-10 micromoles |
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Describe a Prokaryotic cell... |
A single plasma membrane No nucleus or organelles Live on us and in us |
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How big is a Eukaryotic cell? |
10-100 Micromoles |
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Describe a Eukaryotic cell... |
Much larger in size than prokaryotes Nucleus plus many organelles ER, Golgi, Mitochondria, etc. |
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How many Cells does the human body have? |
100 Trillion |
