Nutrition:exam 1 Flash Cards

Front 1

Physical Fitness

Back 1

A set of abilities individuals possess to perform specific types of physical activity.

Front 2

Health Related Fitness

Back 2

Components of physical fitness whose improvements have health benefits such as, cardiovascular-resperitory fitness, muscular strength, muscular endurance, & flexibility.

Front 3

Physical Activity

Back 3

Involves any bodily movement caused by muscular contraction that results in expenditure of energy.

Front 4

Unstructured Physical Activity

Back 4

Includes many of the usual activities of daily living. Ex: walking, cycling, climbing stairs, games, and childhood pursuits.

Front 5

Structured Physical Activity

Back 5

A planned program of my physical activities usually designed to improve physical fitness, including health-related fitness.

Front 6

Principle of Overload

Back 6

the basic principle of exercise training, and it represents the intensity, duration, and frequency of exercise.

Front 7

Principle of Progression

Back 7

an extension of the overload principle; as your body adapts to the original overload, then the overload must be increased if further beneficial adaptations are desired.

Front 8

Principle of Specificity

Back 8

Represents the specific adaptations the body will make in response to the type of exercise and overload.

Front 9

Principle of Specificity

Back 9

Represents the specific adaptations the body will make in response to the type of exercise and overload.

Front 10

Principle of Recuperation

Back 10

It represents the time in which the body rests after exercise.
ex: b/n sets and, or b/n days

Hint 10

aka Principle of Recovery

Front 11

Principle of Individuality

Back 11

reflects the effect exercise training will have on each given individual, as determined by genetic characteristics.

Front 12

Principle of Reversibility

Back 12

"use it or lose it." W/o exercise the body will begin to lose the adaptations it has made over the course of the exercise time.

Front 13

Principle of Overuse

Back 13

Represents an excessive amount of exercise which may induce adverse, rather than beneficial, health effects.

Front 14

Sedentary Death Syndrome

Back 14

Term associated with a sedentary lifestyle and related health problems that predispose to premature death.

Front 15

Risk Factor

Back 15

health behavior that has been associated with a particular disease.
Ex: Cigarette smoking linked go Cancer

Front 16

Sports Nutrition

Back 16

a relatively new area of study involving the application of nutritional principles to enhance sports performance.

Front 17

Nutrition

Back 17

usually is defined as the sum total of the processes involved in the intake and utilization of food substances by living organisms, including ingestion, digestion, absorption, transport and metabolism of nutrients found in food.

Front 18

Nutrient

Back 18

a specific substance found in food that performs one or more physiological or biochemical functions in the body.

Front 19

Ergogenic Aids

Back 19

work-enhancing agents that are used in attempts to increase athletic or physical performance capacity.

Front 20

Mechanical Aids

Back 20

are designed to increase energy efficiency, to provide a mechanical edge.

Hint 20

Light weight racing shoes in place of heavier ones.

Front 21

Psychological Aids

Back 21

are designed go enhance psychological processes during sport performance, to increase mental strength.

Hint 21

Ex: Hypnosis, through posthypnotic suggestion to improve psychological barriers.

Front 22

Physiological Aids

Back 22

are designed to augment natural physiological processes to increase physical power.

Hint 22

Ex: Blood doping, to increase oxygen transport capacity and thus increase aerobic endurance.

Front 23

Pharmacological Aids

Back 23

drugs designed to influence physiological or psychological processes to increase physical power, mental strength, or mechanical edge.

Hint 23

Ex: Caffeine

Front 24

Nutritional Aids

Back 24

nutrients designed to influence physiological or psychological processes to increase physical power, mental strength, or mechanical edge.

Front 25

Carbohydrates
(Nutritional Ergonenics cont'd)

Back 25

special compounds have been made to facilitate absorption, storage, and utilization of carbohydrate during exercise.

Front 26

Fats
(Nutritional Ergogenics Cont'd)

Back 26

Special fatty acids have been used in attempts to provide an alternative fuel to carbohydrate.

Front 27

Protein
(Nutritional Ergogenics cont'd)

Back 27

special amino acids derived from protein have been developed & advertised to be more potent than Anabolic steroids in stimulating muscle growth and strength development.

Front 28

How do you limit bad fats?

Back 28

Cut back on salts.
Cut back on sugars.

Front 29

Macronutrients

Back 29

dietary nutrients needed by body in daily amounts greater than a few grams, such as carbohydrate, far, protein, & H2O.

Front 30

Micronutrients

Back 30

dietary nutrients needed by the body in daily amounts less than a few grams, such as vitamins & minerals.

Front 31

Essential Nutrients

Back 31

describes nutrients that the body needs but cannot produce at all or in needed amounts.