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28 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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What is biology?
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Scientific study of life
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What are the properties of life?
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order,
reproduction, growth/development, energy processing, response to stimulus, regulation, evolutionary adaptation |
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What is the order of the biological organization?
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biosphere
ecosystem community population organism organ system organ tissues cells organelles molecule |
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What are emergent properties?
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new properties that arise in each step up the hierarchy of life
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What are the properties of a cell?
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homeostasis
respond to environment develop/maintain organization give rise to new cells enclosed by a membrane use DNA as genetic info |
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What are the two basic types of cells?
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prokaryotic and eukaryotic
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What is a prokaryotic cell?
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first to evolve, simpler, smaller than eukaryotic
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What is a eukaryotic cell?
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contain membrane enclosed organelles, including a nucleus w/ DNA, found in plants, animals, protists, and fungi
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What are the 3 domains?
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Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya
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What are the 4 kingdoms in the Eukarya domain?
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Animalia, Plantae, Fungi, Protista
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What are genes?
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unit of inheritance that transmits info from parent to offspring, grouped into very long DNA, control activities of cells
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What are the 4 building blocks of DNA?
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Adenine
Cytosine Thymine Guanine |
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Which DNA building blocks match up together?
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A/T and C/G
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What are the 2 dimensions of biology?
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vertical and horizontal
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What is vertical dimension?
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size scale that stretches from molecules to biosphere
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What is horizontal dimension?
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across the great diversity of organisms existing now and over the history of life on Earth
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How many species have biologists identified?
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1.8 million
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What is taxonomy?
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the process that names species and classifies them into a system of broader groups
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What is natural selection?
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The process in which only the best survive, individuals with the "better traits" survive
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What was Darwin's theory?
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Those individuals w/ inheritable traits best suited to the environment are more likely to survive/reproduce than less suited individuals
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What is natural selection referred to?
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mechanism for evolution
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What is inductive reasoning?
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to draw general conclusions from many observations
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What is deductive reasoning?
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to come up with ways to test a hypothesis
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What is a hypothesis?
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a proposed explanation for a set of observations. Specific. must be testible/falsifiable
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What is a theory?
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much broader in scope, usually general enough to generate many new specific hypotheses which can be tested
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What is evolution?
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The core theme of biology
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What is the goal of science?
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to understand natural phenomena
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What is the goal of technology?
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to apply scientific knowledge for some specific purpose
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