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34 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Matter
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anything that has mass and takes up space
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Mass
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a measure of the amount of matter
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Element
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a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler, stable substances and is made of one type of atom
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Compound
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a substance that can be broken down into simple, stable substances
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What are the smallest pieces of matter that an element can be broken into?
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Atoms
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What are the smallest pieces of matter a compound can be broken into?
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Molecules
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Extensive properties
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depends on the amount of matter that is present
ex: volume, mass, energy |
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Intensive properties
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do not depend on the amount of matter that is present
ex: melting point, boiling point, density, and ability to conduct/heat or electricity |
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Physical property
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a characteristic that can be observed or measured without changing the identity of the substance
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Physical change
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a change in a substance that does not involve a change in the identity of the substance
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Chemical property
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relates to a substance's ability to undergo changes that transform it into different substances
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Chemical change/reaction
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a change in which one or more substances are converted into different substances
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List characteristics of a solid
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-definite volume
-definite shape -particles close together in fixed positions -particles vibrate |
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List characteristics of a liquid
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-definite volume
-indefinite shape -particles close together, but can move past each other -particles move more than solids |
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List characteristics of a gas
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-indefinite volume
-indefinite shape -expand to fill area -distant particles that move rapidly |
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List characteristics of a plasma
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-high temperature physical state of matter in which atoms lose most of their electrons
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Melting=? to?
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Solid to Liquid
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Boiling=? to ?
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Liquid to Gas
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Freezing=? to ?
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Liquid to Solid
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Condensing=? to ?
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Gas to Liquid
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How is energy involved in chemical and physical changes?
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Energy can be absorbed or released during a chemical or physical change
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Mixture
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a blend of two or more kinds of matter, each of which retains its own identity and properties
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Homogeneous mixture
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a mixture that has the same proportions of components throughout; solution
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Heterogeneous mixture
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a mixture that does not have the same proportions of components throughout
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Pure substance
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has a fixed composition and differs from a mixture in the following ways:
-every sample has exactly the same characteristic properties -every sample has exactly the same composition |
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Know the Concept Map
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Matter
Can it be separated? Yes - Mixture / No - Pure sub. Uniform? / Can be decomposed? Yes-homo/no-het//yes-el/no-com |
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What is shown on a square of the Periodic Table of Elements?
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Atomic number, Element name, Symbol, atomic mass
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What are the rows of the Periodic Table called and what are the characteristics?
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Periods, have same number of atomic orbitals
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What are the columns of the Periodic Table called and what are the characteristics?
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Groups, have the same number of electrons in their outer orbital
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Know the regions on the periodic table of elements.
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I can't show this on a flashcard.
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Characteristics of Metals
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-good heat/electrical conductor
-most oar solids -most are malleable -most are ductile |
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Characteristics of Nonmetals
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-poor heat/ electrical conductor
-many are gases -solid nonmetals tend to be brittle |
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Characteristics of Metalloids
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-solids at room temperature
-less malleable than metals, less brittle that nonmetals -some have metallic luster -semi conductors of electricity |
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Characteristics of Noble Gases
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-unreactive
-gases |
