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37 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Physical Properties
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Those by which the substance shows by itself without interacting with another substance such as color melting point, boiling point, density, magnetism, solubility.
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Chemical Properties
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Those which the substance shows as it interacts with or transofrms into other substances such as flammability, corrosiveness. Transformation from one substance into another.
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Potential Energy
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energy due to the position of the object or energy from a chemical reaction (the position of the matter)
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Kinetic Energy
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Energy due to the motion of the object (motion of the matter)
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Scentific Approach
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Observation
Hypothesis Experiment Model (Theory) Further Experiment |
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Theory vs. Natural Law
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Theory= why it happens
Natural Law= what happens |
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Common decimal prefix
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Mega M 1,000,000 10^6
kilo k 1,000 10^3 - 0 centi c 0.1 10^-2 milli m 0.001 10^-3 micro u 0.000001 _ 10^-6 nano n 10^-9 |
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Kelvin (K)
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boiling 273.15 K
freezing -273.15 K |
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Celcius
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boiling 100 C
freezing 0 C |
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Precision
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agreement between several measurements of the same quantity
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Accuracy
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agreement of a particular value with the true value
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Element
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Simplest type of a substance. Consists of only one type of atom. Cannot be broken down any further neither physical nor chemical means.
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Molecule
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Two or more atoms that are chemically bound together.
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Compound
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Two or more elements which are chemically combined.
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Mass Conversation Law
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Total mass of substances does not change during a chemical reaction.
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Definite Composition Law
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A particular compound is composed of the same elements in the same parts.
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Daltons Atomic Theory
Postulate 1 |
All matter consists of atoms
(Mass Conservation Law) (Multiple Proportions Law) |
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Daltons Atomic Theory
Postulate 2 |
Atoms of one element cannot be converted into atoms of another element.
(Mass Conservation Law) |
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Daltons Atomic Theory
Postulate 3 |
Atoms of an element are indentical in mass and other properties and are different from atoms of any other element.
(Definite Composition Law) (Multiple Proportions Law) |
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Daltons Atomic Theory
Postulate 4 |
Compounds result from the chemical combination of a specific ratio of atoms of different elements.
(Definite Composition Law) |
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Modern Atomic Theory
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1. All matter is composed of atoms.
2. Atoms of 1 elemen can't be converted into atoms of another element in a chemical reation. 3. All atoms of an element have the same number or p+, e-. determines chemical behavior. 4. Compounds formed by chemical combination of 2 or more elements in ratios. |
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Ionic Compound
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transferring electrons from the atom to another.
Metal + Nonmetal |
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Ionic Strength
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Attraction increase from down to up d/t large to small.
Attraction increases frm L to R d/t strength of charge +/-. |
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Covalent bond
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Sharing of electrons between two nonmetals
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Greek 4
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tetra
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Greek 5
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penta
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Greek 6
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hexa
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Greek 7
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hepta
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Greek 8
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octa
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Greek 9
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nona
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Greek 10
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deca
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Naming binary acids
aka metal + nonmetal |
HCl= hydrochloric acid
hydro + root + ic acid ide form acids |
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Naming Acids From Anions
Oxoanions |
sulfate = sulfic acid
ate = ic acid ite = ous keep hypo + per HIO2 = Iodous acid |
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What is the style of Colli Orientali del Friuli Picolit? Where is it located?
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Passito style 85% Picolit grapes can be riserva.
Friuli Venezia Giulia |
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Naming Alkanes
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meth
eth prop but pent |
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Molecular Mass
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Sum of the masses of all atoms in molecular formula
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Multiple Proportions Law
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If two compounds react that masses that combine can be expressed as ratio
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