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15 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Vitamins |
Catalysts for all metabolic reactions using proteins, fats, carbs for energy, gosh and cell maintenance |
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Fat soluble viamins (characteristics) |
Soluble in fat Stable to heat Organic (contain carbon) Do not contain nitrogen Absorbed in intestine Require bile for absorption Large amounts can be stores in body Transported via lymphatic sys Stored in liver and adipose tissues |
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Fat soluble vitamins |
A, D, E, K |
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Water soluble vitamins (characteristics) |
Coenzyme Absorbed in jejunum Body stores small amounts *vitamin C and B vitamins B vitamins contain nitrogen Daily intake necessary |
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Vitamin A |
Retinoids, Carotenoids |
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Retinoids |
Vit A Preformed Found in animal products 70-90% absorption Vision, growth, skin, immune function |
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Carotenoids |
Precursor Deep colored fruits and veggies: Carrots, cantaloupe, squash Vision, growth, skin, immune sys |
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Hyperstates Vit A |
Birth defects Diplopia Alopecia Dry rough skin Red gingiva Cracked lips Thinning epithelium |
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Hypostates vit A |
Growth restricion in children Night blindness Keratinization of lung, GI tract, urinary tract epithelium Susceptibility to infections Enamel hypoplasia
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Vit D (calciferol) |
More appropriately classified as a hormone Skin cells able to make vit d precursor 7-dehydrocholesterol with further processing by liver and kidneys Enhances intestinal calcium and phosphorous absorption |
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Sources of vit D |
Sunlight -food Fish liver oils Fatty fish Fortified foods: milk, cereals, orange juice |
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Hyperstates vit D |
Anorexia, vomiting, nausea Polyuria, polydipsia, weakness, nervousness, pruritus Hypercalcemia (calcification of renal and cardiac tissues) |
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Hypostates vit D |
Rickets- deformity results from bones bending at cart shaft junction -most visible lower ends of radius, ulna Enamel hypoplasia
Osteomalacia - decreased bone mineralization or softening, leads to deformities Skeletal pain, muscle weakness Loss of lamina dura Osteoporosis Cancer/cardiovascular risk |
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Roles vit E |
Antioxidant -protects polyunsaturated fats in phospholipid cell membrane -prevents oxidation of fatty acids and vit A and C Enhances the release of a prostaglandin that inhibits the aggregation of platelets, enhances vasodilation and immune response. -anticoagulant |
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Source of vit E |
Veg oil (soybean oil) Unprocessed cereal grains Nuts and seeds Wheat germ Green leafy veg Some fruits, apples, apricots, peaches |
