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93 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
- 3rd side (hint)
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What is the strongest bone in the body? |
Femur |
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Which joints are a frequent source for trauma? |
Femurs
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What are the four essential parts of the proximal femur? |
Neck, greater, and lesser trochanters |
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What part of the femur articulates with the hip bones? |
Head |
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What forms the sacroiliac joints? |
The right and left iliac (hips) articulating with the sacrum |
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What forms the lumbosacral joint? As known as L5-S1 joint |
Sacrum articulating superioly with the 5th lumbar vertebrae |
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What are the 3 divisions of the hip bone? |
Ilium, iscium, and pubis |
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What deep shaped cavity accepts the head of the femur to form the hip joint? |
Acetabulum |
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When a child’s hip divisions start to fuse where does it occur? |
Acetabulum |
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Which of the 3 divisions of the hip bone is the largest? |
Ilium |
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What consists of the ilium? |
Body and an ala (wing) |
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Where does the crest of the ilium extend to? |
ASIS AND PSIS |
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What is the peak of the crest of the ilium referred to as? |
Iliac crest |
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What are the two important positioning landmarks on hip bone? |
Iliac crest and ASIS |
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What is known as the ligament of the head of the femur? |
Fovea capitis |
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Where is the anterior inferior iliac spine and the posterior inferior iliac spine? |
Below the ASIS and below the PSIS |
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What does ASIS and PSIS stand for? |
Anterior superior iliac spine and Posterior superior iliac spine |
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What lies inferior and posterior to the acetabulum? |
Ischium |
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What is each ischium divided into? |
A body/ramus |
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What bears most of the weight of the body when an individual sits? |
Ischial tuberosities |
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What forms the symphysis pubis? |
The two superior rami meeting in the midline |
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What is the largest foramen in the human skeletal system? |
Obturator foramen |
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What forms the obturator foramen? |
The ramus and body of each ischium |
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What divides the pelvic area into two cavities? |
Brim |
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What is inferior to a plane through the pelvic brim? |
The lesser, or true, pelvis |
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What is palpable and superior and lateral to the femoral shaft? |
Greater trochanter |
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What forms he actual birth canal? |
True pelvis |
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The brim of the pelvis is also known as ? |
Inlet or superior aperture of the true pelvis |
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During the birth process the must travel through ? |
The inlet, cavity and outlet of the true pelvis |
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The area between the inlet and the outlet of the true pelvis is termed? |
The cavity |
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What is the delivery routine for a baby? |
Head travels through the pelvic inlet then to mid cavity and finally through outlet before it exits forward |
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Is a male pelvis or female pelvis more deeper and less flared with a heart shaped pelvic inlet. |
Male pelvis |
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What are the 3 differences from a male and female pelvis? |
General shape, angle of public arch, and ischial spines |
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Which trochanter is smaller and projects medial and posterior? |
Lesser trochanter |
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What thick ridge joins the trochanters? |
Intertrochanteric crest |
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What is the average angle of the neck to the shaft on an average adult ? |
125 degrees |
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How should you rotate the femur and lower leg in order to place femoral neck parallel to the IR? |
15 to 20 degrees internally |
For an AP projection of the proximal femur |
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What does the pelvis serve as? |
Base of the trunk and forms the connection between the vertebral column and lower limbs. |
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What are the four bones the pelvis consists of? |
Two hip bones, one sacrum, and one coccyx |
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What is another name for hip bones ? |
Innominate bones |
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What is the angle of pubic arch in males? |
Less than females 50 to 60 degrees |
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What is the angle of pubic arch in females? |
More than males 80 to 85 degrees |
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What type of movement is the sacroiliac joint ? |
Synovial-amphiarthrodial (limited movement) |
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What type of movement is the symphysis pubis and union of acetabulum? |
Cartilaginous - amphiarthrodial |
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What can MRI be useful for? |
Imaging lower limb or pelvis when soft tissues injuries or possible abnormalities |
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What is ultrasound useful for? |
Evaluating newborns for hip dislocations and assessing joint stability during movement of the lower limb |
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What can nuclear medicine In bone scan be useful for? |
Providing evidence of certain bony pathological processes |
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What is ankylosis spondylitis? |
Extensive calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spinal column . |
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Define avulsion fractures of the pelvis. |
Fractures that occur in adolescent athletes who experience sudden forceful or unbalanced contraction of the tendinous. |
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Define chondrosarcoma. |
A malignant tumor of the cartilage that usually occurs in the pelvis and long bones of men older than 45 years. |
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What type of movement is the hip joint ? |
Synovial- diarthrodial (ball and socket) |
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What position is the patient in if the femoral neck appears shortened and less trochanter is visible? |
Anatomical position - true AP leg |
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How do you position a patient to get the proximal femur and hip in a true AP? |
Internally rotate the entire lower limb |
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If the patient’s leg is straight or externally rotated what should be visible? |
The lesser trochanter |
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What is a common fracture site when an older patient has fallen? |
Femoral neck |
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What is the typical rotation for a hip fracture? |
Foot on the side of the fracture hip should be externally rotated and unaffected side’s foot in neutral position |
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What KV range would be used for hip and pelvic to reduce total radiation dose? |
80 to 90kv |
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What could over exposure on an osteoporotic patient do? |
Decrease visibility of the bony detail |
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What is CT useful for? |
Evaluating soft tissue involvement of lesions or determining the extent of fractures |
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What type of movement is the symphysis pubis and union of acetabulum? |
Cartilaginous - amphiarthrodial |
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What can MRI be useful for? |
Imaging lower limb or pelvis when soft tissues injuries or possible abnormalities |
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What is ultrasound useful for? |
Evaluating newborns for hip dislocations and assessing joint stability during movement of the lower limb |
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What can nuclear medicine In bone scan be useful for? |
Providing evidence of certain bony pathological processes |
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What is ankylosis spondylitis? |
Extensive calcification of the anterior longitudinal ligament of the spinal column . |
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Define avulsion fractures of the pelvis. |
Fractures that occur in adolescent athletes who experience sudden forceful or unbalanced contraction of the tendinous. |
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Define chondrosarcoma. |
A malignant tumor of the cartilage that usually occurs in the pelvis and long bones of men older than 45 years. |
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Define developmental dysplasia of the hip. |
Hip dislocation caused by conditions present at birth |
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What type of movement is the hip joint ? |
Synovial- diarthrodial (ball and socket) |
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What position is the patient in if the femoral neck appears shortened and less trochanter is visible? |
Anatomical position - true AP leg |
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How do you position a patient to get the proximal femur and hip in a true AP? |
Internally rotate the entire lower limb |
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If the patient’s leg is straight or externally rotated what should be visible? |
The lesser trochanter |
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What is a common fracture site when an older patient has fallen? |
Femoral neck |
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What is the typical rotation for a hip fracture? |
Foot on the side of the fracture hip should be externally rotated and unaffected side’s foot in neutral position |
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What KV range would be used for hip and pelvic to reduce total radiation dose? |
80 to 90kv |
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What could over exposure on an osteoporotic patient do? |
Decrease visibility of the bony detail |
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What is CT useful for? |
Evaluating soft tissue involvement of lesions or determining the extent of fractures |
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Define legg-calve-perthes disease. |
Most common type of aseptic or ischemic necrosis and usually involve only one hip. |
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Define metastatic carcinoma. |
The Malignancy spreads to the bone via circulatory system or lymphatic or by direct invasion. (Metastatic tumors of the bone) |
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Define osteoarthritis. |
Also known as (degenerative joint disease) degeneration of joint cartilage and adjacent bone causing pain and stiffness. |
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Define osteoarthritis. |
Also known as (degenerative joint disease) degeneration of joint cartilage and adjacent bone causing pain and stiffness. |
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Define pelvic ring fractures. |
Because of the closed ring structure of the pelvis , a severe blow or trauma to one side of the pelvis may result in a fracture. |
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Define proximal femur (hip) fractures. |
The most common fracture in older adults or geriatric patients with osteoporosis or avascular necrosis. |
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Define slipped capital femoral epiphysis. |
A condition usually occurring in 10 to 16 year olds during rapid growth when even minor trauma can precipitate its development. |
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The AP bilateral frog leg projection for pelvis is also known as ? |
Modified cleaves method |
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What position is the Taylor method? |
Anterior - inferior pelvis AP axial outlet projection |
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What is the posterior oblique projection : pelvis also known as ? |
Judet method |
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What is an alternative name for PA axial oblique projection -acetabulum? |
Teufel method |
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What is the axiolateral inferosuperior projection trauma also known as? |
Danelius-miller method |
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The unilateral frog leg projection for hip and proximal femur is also known as ? |
Modified cleaves method |
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The modified axiolateral projection -possible trauma for hip and proximal femur is also known as ? |
Clements-nakayama method |
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Which position requires a CR angle cephalad 20 to 35 degrees for males and 30 to 45 degrees for females. |
Taylor method |
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Which position requires a CR angle caudad 40 degrees? |
AP axial inlet projection: pelvis |
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Which position requires a CR angle of 12 degrees? |
Teufel method |
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