Chapell Meeks 2 E - Theology: God's Way Of Salvation--Jhm

Front 1

What is a covenant?

Back 1

“Bond in blood sovereignly administered.” WCF “voluntary condescension on God’s part.”

Front 2

What is the Covenant of Works? Who are its parties?

Back 2

(WSC 12) When God had created man, he entered into a covenant of life with him, upon condition of perfect obedience; forbidding him to eat of the tree of the knowledge of good and evil, upon pain of death.
The parties are God and Adam, as well as all the descendants of Adam.

Front 3

Is there a present validity to the Covenant of Works?

Back 3

Yes: the curse and punishment still apply to all who continue to sin
No: The obligations have been fulfilled by the Mediator for all his people

Front 4

What is the Covenant of Redemption? who are its parties?

Back 4

(WSC 20) Did God leave all mankind to perish in the estate of sin and misery?
Agreement in which the Son undertakes the obligations of those whom the father has given to him.
Parties: Father (chooses), Son (redeems), HS (applying

Front 5

Discuss the Covenant of Grace

Back 5

1. Gracious = God had no obligation to enter into covenant and his word is the insurance of its validity.
2. Trinitarian = Father elects, Son justifies, Spirit applies effectually
3. Eternal = cannot be broken
4. Particular = only effectual for the elect, not universal in scope
5. One covenant of grace with various administrations (dispensations)

Front 6

Discuss the relationship between the Old and New Covenants. Defend from Scripture.

Back 6

WCF 7. 6 & WLC 32 - 35
There is one covenant with different dispensations: Gal 3:14 so that in Christ Jesus the blessing of Abraham might come to the Gentiles, so that we might receive the promised Spirit through faith.
There is a distinction between the Old and New (Heb 8:13 In speaking of a new covenant, he makes the first one obsolete. And what is becoming obsolete and growing old is ready to vanish away.) and the New in this sense replaces the old.

Front 7

Explain and defend with Scripture proofs the orthodox doctrine of the person of Christ.

Back 7

(WSC 21) The only redeemer of God’s elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal son of God, became man, and so was, and continues to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, forever.
Luke 1:35 = birth of Christ, fully man
Col. 2:9= fully God
Heb. 1:1-4 = the union of both God and man

Front 8

Briefly discuss the natures of Christ, including:
Was Christ a human person?
Does Christ have a soul?

Back 8

Yes Christ was a human person with a soul.

(WSC 22) Christ took to himself a true body and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Spirit in the womb of the virgin Mary and born of her, yet without sin.

John 1:1 In the beginning was the Word, and the Word was with God, and the Word was God.
John 1:14 And the Word became flesh and dwelt among us, and we have seen his glory, glory as of the only Son from the Father, full of grace and truth.
Luke 23:46 "into thy hands I commit my spirit"

Front 9

What is kenosis?

Back 9

Idea from Phil 2 that X emptied himself of some of the divine attributes

Front 10

Did Christ lay aside any of his divine attributes at the incarnation?

Back 10

-No, Colossians 2:9 - “in Christ, all the fullness of the deity lives in bodily form”

Front 11

Briefly explain and defend against the challenges to orthodox Christology posed by: Docetism

Back 11

Christ only appears to become a man, the suffering and other human traits were merely imaginary phenomena - not a true body and a rational soul at the incarnation.
Rebuttal - John 20 and Thomas touching the nail prints and the wounded side of Jesus.

Front 12

Briefly explain and defend against the challenges to orthodox Christology posed by:
Arius

Back 12

Christ is not the eternal son of God, rather the first created being. Jesus was a heavenly being and an intermediary between God and man – but still a created being.
Rebuttal - John 1:1-14. In the beginning was the Word... Word was with God, Word was God.... and the Word became flesh and dwelt among us!!

Front 13

Briefly explain and defend against the challenges to orthodox Christology posed by:
Nestorius

Back 13

Christ is divided into two persons, a human and divine.
Rebuttal - Col. 2:9: For in him the whole fullness of deity dwells bodily,

Front 14

Briefly explain and defend against the challenges to orthodox Christology posed by:
Apollinarius

Back 14

Christ lacked a human soul, rather it was replaced by the logos. Allowed Christ only a divine nature and no human initiative
WSC 22 - “reasonable soul”
Luke 1:35 "born of Mary"
John 1:1 "became flesh"
Luke 2:40,52 "grew, became strong, increased in wisdom, stature and in favor with God and man"
Luke 23:46 - "Into thy hands I commit my spirit"

Front 15

Briefly explain and defend against the challenges to orthodox Christology posed by:
Eutyches

Back 15

Christ only had one nature, a mixture of both human and divine. (implying that Christ was a "third something" made from the mixture of divinity and humanity).
WSC #21 - The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so was, and continueth to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, forever.

Front 16

Are any these early heresies regarding the nature of Christ held today? If so, by whom?

Back 16

The Jehovah Witnesses and the Mormons hold a form of Arianism.

Front 17

Explain and defend the doctrine of the “communication of properties.”

Back 17

A term within Christology that attempts to account for the way in which each of Christ’s natures’ properties are interchanged in the unity of his person-hood. Both the human and divine properties are held in common by the one person of Christ in the incarnation.

Front 18

Define the following name:
Jesus

Back 18

he will save his people from their sins

Front 19

Define the following name:
Son of Man

Back 19

Jesus favorite title for himself, taken from the book of Daniel

Front 20

Define the following name:
Christ

Back 20

Messiah, the anointed one of God

Front 21

Define the following name:
Son of God

Back 21

Jesus unique reality as the second member of the trinity

Front 22

Define the following name:
Lord

Back 22

New Testament designation for Christ as Yahweh.

Front 23

Define the following name:
Lamb of God

Back 23

Jesus as the sacrificial lamb who takes away the sins of the world

Front 24

How was Christ born?

Back 24

Luke 1:26-38 & 2:1-6 Birth of Christ to the virgin Mary

Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her yet without sin. WSC #22

Front 25

Explain and defend the Virgin Birth.

Back 25

Isaiah 7:14 Therefore the Lord himself will give you a sign. Behold, the virgin shall conceive and bear a son, and shall call his name Immanuel.
Luke 1:26-38 Birth of Jesus foretold
WSC 22 - Christ, the Son of God, became man, by taking to himself a true body, and a reasonable soul, being conceived by the power of the Holy Ghost, in the womb of the Virgin Mary, and born of her yet without sin.

Front 26

Trace the revelation of the person and work of Christ from the beginning of the Old Testament.

Back 26

promised redeemer in Gen 3:15
prophet in (Deut 18), priest ( , and king (2 Sam 7)
temple implements, sacrifices, and laws
Angel of the Lord

Front 27

What is the humiliation of Christ?

Back 27

Christ’s humiliation consisted in being born and that in a low condition made under the law undergoing the miseries of this life the wrath of God and the cursed death of the cross, in being buried and continuing under the power of death for a time.” WSC #26

Front 28

Define and distinguish the active and passive obedience of Christ.

Back 28

Active = He fulfills the stipulations of the moral law in perfect obedience
Passive= He willingly undergoes the curses of the law for our sakes.

Front 29

What happened in the resurrection of Christ?

Back 29

Christ's exaltation consisteth in his rising again from the dead on the third day, in ascending up into heaven, in sitting at the right hand of God the Father, and in coming to judge the world at the last day. – WSC#28

Front 30

Discuss the “glorified body”

Back 30

The glorified body is the resurrected state whereby the body is animated and guided wholly by the Spirit, free from sinful inclinations, imperishable, glorious and powerful.

Front 31

What are the offices of Christ?

Back 31

Christ, as our Redeemer, executeth the offices of a prophet, of a priest, and of a king, both in his estate of humiliation and exaltation. WSC #23

Front 32

Who is the only redeemer of God’s elect?

Back 32

The only Redeemer of God's elect is the Lord Jesus Christ, who, being the eternal Son of God, became man, and so was, and continueth to be, God and man in two distinct natures, and one person, for ever. -WSC 21

Front 33

What is a redeemer?

Back 33

Someone who buys back another from slavery or bondage of some sort.

Front 34

What is the atonement?

Back 34

Christ paying the penalty for our sin. He died my death and paid my debt. It combines the images of justifying, reconciling, substituting, and assuaging God’s wrath.

Front 35

Was the atonement necessary?

Back 35

Yes - Man is spiritually unable (dead) to please God or turn away his wrath by nature. We are enslaved to sin, and God is holy and must punish sin by death. God choosing to elect some to salvation had to provide a means of atoning for their sin by a Redeemer.

Rom 3:23 for all have sinned and fall short of the glory of God,
2 Cor 5:21 For our sake he made him to be sin who knew no sin, so that in him we might become the righteousness of God.
Gal 4:3-5 ... we were enslaved...God sent forth his Son, born of woman, born under the law, to redeem those who were under the law, so that we might receive adoption as sons.

Front 36

Why isn’t a good life enough to gain salvation?

Back 36

Isaiah 53:6 - All like sheep have gone astray...
Ephesians 2:1-10 - dead in trespasses and sins.... grace you have been saved, not a result of works, so that no one may boast

Front 37

Define:
Expiation

Back 37

atonement for sins through the death of Christ on the cross as the sacrifice once and for all

Front 38

Define:
Propitiation

Back 38

turn away/satisfy God’s wrath

Front 39

Define:
Reconciliation

Back 39

restoring alienated people back into fellowship with God

Front 40

Define:
Redemption

Back 40

to buy back at a price

Front 41

Define:
Imputation

Back 41

to reckon, to charge to one’s account. Christ’s righteousness is imputed to believers. Our sin was imputed to Christ

Front 42

What is the nature of the atonement? Discuss “penal substitutionary atonement”.

Back 42

Atonement is many-faceted, but PSA is grid through which all others must be viewed, only way they make sense. 1 Cor 15:1, 1 Pet 3:18 X died for, hyper, in place of, our sins. Our guilt transferred to him, God pours out all wrath against sin on his Son, then our guilt is paid for, we receive righteousness of X.

Front 43

What of Christ’s work remains to be done?

Back 43

The calling of the elect to salvation, his second coming, and the subsequent judgement of all the nations.

Front 44

Were the Old Testament believers saved by Christ?

Back 44

WCF 8.6 - Although the work of redemption was not actually wrought by Christ till after His incarnation, yet the virtue, efficacy, and benefits thereof were communicated unto the elect, in all ages successively from the beginning of the world....
Promise of the Redeemer looked forward to by OT saints as we look back at the cross

Front 45

Will any for whom Christ died be lost?

Back 45

No. John 6:39 lose nothing of all he has given me, but raise it up @ last day
John 10:27-28 My sheep hear my voice, I know them, they follow me... they will never perish, no one will snatch them...

Front 46

How is the Covenant of Grace related to the Abrahamic Covenant?

Back 46

Seed to crush serpent’s head would come through line of Abraham; Ab would become father of many nations, blessed by God, inherit land, become blessing to all families on earth. Fulfilled partially in Israel, ultimately in X.

Front 47

How is the Covenant of Grace related to the Mosaic Covenant?

Back 47

The stipulations of the law are given in great detail under this administration of the covenant, regarding sacrifice, worship, and community, as a response to the redemption God achieves on behalf of his people.

Front 48

How is the Covenant of Grace related to the Noahic Covenant?

Back 48

Earth will not be destroyed again; natural processes remain in place. The preservation of God's people. A covenant of common grace.

Front 49

How does Christ execute the office of a prophet?

Back 49

Christ executeth the office of a prophet, in revealing to us, by his word and Spirit, the will of God for our salvation. WSC #24

Front 50

How does Christ execute the office of a priest?

Back 50

Christ executeth the office of a priest, in his once offering up of himself a sacrifice to satisfy divine justice, and reconcile us to God, and in making continual intercession for us. WSC #25

Front 51

How does Christ execute the office of a king?

Back 51

Christ executeth the office of a king, in subduing us to himself, in ruling and defending us, and in restraining and conquering all his and our enemies. WSC #26

Front 52

Where does Westminster deal with God's Way of Salvation?

Back 52

WCF 7-8
WLC 20, 30-56
WSC 12, 20-28