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87 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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Relatively uncommon chronic disorder caused by deficiency of cortical hormones that results when the adrenal cortex is damaged or atrophied
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Addison disease
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Cluster of symptoms caused by excessive amounts of cortisol or adrenocorticotropic hormone circulating in the blood
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Cushing syndrome
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chronic metabolic disorder of impaired carbohydrate, protein, and fat metabolism due to insufficient production of insulin or the body's inability to utilize insulin properly
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diabetes mellitus (DM)
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form of diabetes mellitus that is abrupt in onset and is due to the failure of the pancreas to produce insulin, making this type of disease difficult to regulate
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type 1 diabetes
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form of diaetes mellitus that is gradual in onset and results from the body's deficiency in producing enough insulin or resistance to the action of insulin by the body's cells
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type 2 diabetes
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abnormal protrusion of the eyeballs, possibley due to thyrotoxicosis, tumor of hte orbit, orbital cellulitis, leukemia, or aneurysm
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exophthalmos
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multisystem autoimmune disorder that involves growth of the thyroid associated with hypersecretion of thyrsoxine; also called exophthalmic goiter, thyrotoxicosis, or toxic goiter
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Graves disease
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tumor of the islets of Langerhans; also called a pancreatic tumor
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insulinoma
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advanced hypothyroidism in adults that results from hypofunction of the thyroid gland and affects body fluids causing edema and increasing blood volume and increasing blood pressure
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myxedema
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excessive accumulation of fat that exceeds that body's skeletal and physical standards, usually an increase of 20% or more above ideal weight
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obesity
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body mass index of 40 or greater, which is generally 100 poungs or more over ideal weight
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morbid obesity
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total pituitary impairment that brings about a progressive and general loss of hormone activity
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panhypopituitarism
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small chromaffin cell tumor, usually located in the adrenal medulla
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pheochromocytoma
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any disorder of the pituitary gland and its function
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pituitarism
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chronic, organic mental disorder that is a progressive form of presenile dementia caused by atrophy of the frontal and occipital lobes of the brain
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alzheimer disease
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disorder affecting the central nervous system that is characterized by recurrent seizures
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epilepsy
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hereditary nervous disorder caused by the progressive loss of brain cells, leading to bizarre, involuntary , dancelike movements
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Huntington chorea
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cranial enlargement caused by accumulation of fluid within the ventricles of the brain
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hydrocephalus
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progressive degenerative disease of the central nervous system characteristics by inflammation, hardening, and loss of myelin throughout the spinal cord and brain, which produces weakness and other muscle symptoms
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multiple sclerosis
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malignant tumor composed principally of cells resembling neuroblasts
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neuroblastoma
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partial or complete loss of motor function; also called paralysis
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palsy
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facial paralysis on one side of the face because of inflammation of a facial nerve most likely cause by a viral infection
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Bell palsy
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Bilateral, symmetrical, nonprogressice motor dysfunction and partial paralysis, which is usually caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth trauma but can also be hereditary
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cerebral palsy
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loss of muscle function, loss of sensation, or both
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paralysis
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progressive, degenerative neurological disorder affecting the portion of the brain responsible for controlling movement
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parkinson disease
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inflammation of the gray matter of the spinal cord caused by a virus, commonly resulting in spinal and muscle deformity and paralysis
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poliomyelitis
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severe pain in the leg along the course of the sciatic nerve, which travels from the hip to the foot
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sciatica
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convulstion or other clinically detectable event caused by a sudden discharge of electrical activity in the brain that may be classified as partial or generalized
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seizure
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eruption of acute, inflammatory, herpetic vesicles caused by herpes zoster virus on the trunk of the body along a peripheral nerve
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shingles
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congenital neural tube defect characterized by incomplete closure of the spinal canal through which the spinal cord and meninges may or may not protrude
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spina bifida
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most common and least severe form of spina bifida without protusion of the spinal cord meninges
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spina bifida occulta
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more sever type of spina bifida that involves protrusion of the meninges, spinal cord, or both
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spina bifida cystica
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severe injuries to the spinal cord, such as vertebral fractures and dislocations, resulting in impairment of spinal cord function below the level of the injury
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spinal cord injuries
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paralysis of the lower portion of the body and both legs
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paraplegia
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paralysis of all four extremities and usually the trunk
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quadriplegia
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temporary interference with blood supply to the brain lasting a few minutes to a few hours
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transient ischemic attack
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imaging procedure that measures levels of radioactivity in the thyroid after oral or IV administration of radioactive iodine
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radioactive iodine uptake (RAIU) test
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lab test in which CSF obtained from a lumbar puncture is evaluated macroscopically for clarity and color, microscopically for cells and chemically for proteins and other substances
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cerebrospinal fluid analysis
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insertion of a needle into the subarachnoid space of the psinal column at the level of the fourth intervetebral space to withdraw cerebral spinal fluid in order to perform varioius diagnostic and therapeutic procedures, also called spinal tap and spinal puncture
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lumbar puncture
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radiographic technique combining ct with radiopharmaceuticals that produces a cross-sectional image of the dispersement of radioactivity in a section of the body to reveal the areas where the radiopharmaceutical is being metabolized and where there is a deficiency in metabolism
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PET
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surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands to remove a benign or cancerous tumor, aid in correcting a hormone imbalance, prevent metastasis or occasionally prevent adrenal gland hormone excretion from exacerbating an existing condition such as breast cancer
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adrenalectomy
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excision of one lobe or the entire thyroid gland
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thyroidectomy
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surgical procedure that creates an opening in the skull to gain access to the brain during neurological procedures
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craniotomy
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partial destruction of the thalamus to treat psychosis or intractable pain
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thalamotomy
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oral administration or injection of synthetic hormones to correct a deficiency in such hormones as of estrogen, testosterone, or thyroid hormone
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hormone replacement therapy
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gli/o
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glue; neuroglial tissue
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gluc/o glyc/o
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sugar; sweetness
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mening/o meningi/o
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meninges
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myel/o
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spinal cord, bone marrow
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-dipsia
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thirst
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-glia
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glue; neuroglial tissue
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-ism
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condition
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-phasia
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speech
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ACTH
adrenocorticotropic hormone |
encourages secretion of hormones from adrenal cortex
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FSH
Follice-stimulation hormone |
stimulates egg production and sperm produciton. increases secretion of estrogen
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Growth Hormone GH or somatotropin
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stimulates somatic growth and increases use of fats for energy
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Luteinizing hormone LH
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stimulation production of estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone
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ORANGE COUNTY, CA
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SNA (john wayne SNAtch)
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Thyroid-stimulation hormone TSH
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stimulates secreation of thyroid hormone
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Antidiuretic hormone ADH
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increases water reabsorption into kidney
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oxytocin
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stimulates uterine contractions;initiates labor, promotes milk secretion
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calcitonin
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regulates calcium levels in blood...secreted when calcium levels in blood are high in order to maintain homeostasis
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Thyroxine T4 and triiodothyronine (T3)
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increases energy production and increases rate of protein synthesis
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Parathyroid hormone PTH
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increases re absorption of calcium and phosphate from bone to blood. INcreases calcium absorption and phospate excretion. increases absorption of calcium and phosphate
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glucocorticoids
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regulate metabolism of carbs, proteins, and fats. helps depress inflammatory and immune responses
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mineralocorticoids
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increases blood levels of sodium and decrease blood levels of potassium in kidneys
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sex hormones
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responsible for female libido and source of estrogen
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epinephrine and norepinephrine
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increase metabolic rate and heart rate and raise bp by promoting vasoconstriction
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glucagon
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increase blood glucose level
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insulin
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lowers blood glucose level
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-paresis
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partial paralysis
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ADH
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antidiuretic hormone
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BG
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blood glucose
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BS
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blood sugar
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DM
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diabetes mellitus
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ICSH
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interstitial cell-stimulation hormone
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LH
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luteinizing hormone
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PGH
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pituitary growth hormone
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RAIU
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radioactive iodine uptake
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CO
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cardiac output
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CSF
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cerebrospinal fluid
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CVA
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cerebrovascular accident; costovertebral angle
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CVD
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cerebrovascular disease
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EEG
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electroencephalogram
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EMG
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electromyography
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MS
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mitral stenosis,
musculoskeletal multiple sclerosis mental status magnesium sulfate |
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TIA
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transient ischemic attack
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