Use LEFT and RIGHT arrow keys to navigate between flashcards;
Use UP and DOWN arrow keys to flip the card;
H to show hint;
A reads text to speech;
21 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
|
character |
heritable feature that varies among individuals (hair color) |
|
|
trait |
each variant of a character |
|
|
gene |
a region of DNA and the molecular unit of heredity |
|
|
phenotype |
observable trait (curly hair) |
|
|
genotype |
organism genetic make up |
|
|
alleles |
alternative versions of genes |
|
|
homozygous |
PP |
|
|
heterozygous |
alleles are different (Pp) |
|
|
mendel's law of segregation |
-each individual has 2 factors for each trait -factors segregate during the formation of gametes -gamete contains only 1 factor from each pair of factor -fertilization gives each new individual 2 factors for each trait |
|
|
Punnet square |
tool used to predict probability of possible genotypes in cross breeding |
|
|
monohybrid cross |
a cross between two individuals that are heterozygous for one character |
|
|
dihybrid cross |
a mating of parental varieties that differ in two or more characters |
|
|
Two dna strands are |
antiparallel (run in opposite directions) |
|
|
At the end of each dna strand, the sugar 3 carbon is attached to an -OH group. At the other end, the sugar 5 group is attached to a |
phosphate group |
|
|
A -> T C ->G |
G -> C T -> A |
|
|
gene expression |
using the information within a gene to synthesize protein. |
|
|
gene expression is based on three types of rna |
1. mRNA (messanger) 2. tRNA (transfer) 3. rRNA (ribosomal) |
|
|
In Eukaryotes, transcription takes place in |
the nucleus. |
|
|
Transcription |
synthesis of dna with directions of DNA |
|
|
Translation |
synthesis of protein with directions of RNA. |
|
|
Translation takes place in |
cytoplasm |
