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49 Cards in this Set
- Front
- Back
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The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually
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national governments
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The informal coalition of major European powers that served primarily as a peacekeeping force during the 19th century was known as the
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Concert of Europe
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The neofunctionalist approach to studying cooperation is best described as
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Top-down
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The regime for oceans and seas comprises all of the following except
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The IAEA
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The membership of the European Union currently totals
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25
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The 1993 Treaty on European Union is more commonly known as the
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Maastricht Treaty.
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Members of the European Parliament are elected to serve a
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5-year term
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In 1998 the UN General Assembly voted to give which group of people informal associate-membership status?
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The Palestinians
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The major voting methods include all of the following except
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Minority Voting
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During its early years, the United Nations concentrated its efforts primarily on
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Security
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International/transnational actors that are composed of member countries.
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Intergovernmental organizations (IGOs)
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An organization that is founded and operates, at least in part, on the idea that international organizations can or should have authority higher than individual states and that those states should be subordinate to the supranational organization
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supranational organization
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A possible middle level of governance between the prevalent national governments of today and the world government that some people favor. The regional structure that comes closest to (but still well short of ) a regional government is the European Union
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Regional Government
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The concept of a supranational world authority to which current countries would surrender some or all of their sovereign authority
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World Government
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Also called a federal government, this power-sharing governance structure is one in which the central authority and the member units each have substantial authority
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Federation
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A group of states that willingly enter into an alliance to form a political unit for a common purpose, such as economic security or defense; it is highly interdependent but has a weak directorate organization, thus allowing the individual states to maintain a fairly high degree of sovereignty.
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Confederation
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An assembly, such as the UN’s General Assembly, that consists of all members of the main organization
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Plenary representative body
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The main representative body of the United Nations, composed of all 191 member-states.
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UN General Assembly (UNGA)
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A representative organization body of the UN that grants special status to members who have a greater stake, responsibility, or capacity in a particular area of concern. The UN Security Council is an example
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Limited membership council
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The main peacekeeping organ of the United Nations. The Security Council has 15 members, including 5 permanent members.
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UN Security Council (UNSC)
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A system used to determine how votes should count. The theory of majoritarianism springs from the concept of sovereign equality and the democratic notion that the will of the majority should prevail. This system has two main components: (1) each member casts one equal vote, and (2) the issue is carried by either a simple majority (50 percent plus one vote) or, in some cases, an extraordinary majority (commonly two-thirds).
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Majority Voting
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A voting formula that requires a two-thirds vote or some other fraction or combination of fractions for passage of a measure.
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Supermajority Voting
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The administrative organ of the United Nations, headed by the secretary-general. In general, the administrative element of any IGO, headed by a secretary-general.
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Seretariat
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An organization must have global participation and membership in order to be an intergovernmental organization
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False
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Functionalists advocate a top-down approach to international cooperation
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False
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The European Union is a current example of a confederal IGO.
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True
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No country has ever been expelled from the United Nations.
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False
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The mission of the United Nations to establish norms against violence has influenced U.S. foreign intervention.
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True
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Disadvantages of using IGO as an interactive arena:
- IGO becomes focus of struggle and not forum for cooperation - Reduced support for IGOs if they do not promote national interests and/or goals Advantages of use of IGO as an interactive arena: - Intergovernmentalism - Using IGO makes it politically easier to take action |
Interactive arena where nations pursue self-interest
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Is to promote and facilitate cooperation on specific issues, often nonpolitical
Seek to build trust and solve social and economic issues that transcend national borders Regime theory: A complex of IGOs, NGOs, norms of behavior, processes, and treaties that govern national and international actors Create settings for interaction and cooperation The Regime for the Oceans and Seas |
A second IGO role
Role of IGOs: Center of Cooperation |
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Permanent administrative IGO staff increases its authority and role
Role of mediation and conciliation Organizational independence |
Role of IGOs: Independent International Actor
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Specialized supranational governance:
World Trade Organization Regional government: European Union World government: Far-reaching alternative facing many criticisms Structuring a world or regional government Centralized, federal or confederal government |
Role of IGOs: Independent International Actor
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Name given to the peace conferences held in the Netherlands in 1899 and 1907. This serves as the first example of an international attempt to improve the condition of humanity.
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Hague System
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The first, true general international organization. It existed between the end of World War I and the beginning of World War II and was the immediate predecessor of the United Nations
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League of Nations
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An international body created with the intention to maintain peace through the cooperation of its member-states. As part of its mission, it addresses human welfare issues such as the environment, human rights, population, and health. Its headquarters are located in New York City, and it was established following World War II to supersede the League of Nations.
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United Nations
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All of the following are currently UN issues except the issue of
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Voting Formulas
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An IGO might deal with any of the following issues except
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State Taxation
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A UN organ that is based on limited membership is the
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Security Council
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For most of its history, the EC (European Community)focused on
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Economic Issues
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Members of nongovernmental organizations are pri¬marily
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Private organizations and/or individuals
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Of the following, the ideology that most strongly opposes the notion of world government is
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Nationalism
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Over the past century the number of permanent interna¬tional organizations has
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Grown simultaneously with the growth of states
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The European country with the most seats on the European Parliament is
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Germany
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The finances of the UN are almost entirely dependent on
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Memeber Assessments
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The International Atomic Energy Agency is an affiliate of the UN that
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Helps promote and monitor the nonproliferation of nuclear weapons
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The members of intergovernmental organizations are usually
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National Governments
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The United Nations can best be described as a
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Nearly universal organization with many member¬ countries
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The UN Security Council has how many permanent members?
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5
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Which of the following IGOs succeeded the League of Nations?
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the United Nations
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